Background
Up to 3500 million people have oral problem
47% of adults aged over 30 years have some form of periodontal disease
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{{NCTU_Formosa/header}} | {{NCTU_Formosa/header}} | ||
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<header id="headerbackground"> | <header id="headerbackground"> | ||
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</h2> | </h2> | ||
<section> | <section> | ||
− | After the Industrial Revolution, the widespread availability of sucrose and highly processed | + | After the Industrial Revolution, the widespread availability of sucrose and highly processed foods led to the caries rate skyrocketing. |
− | + | ||
</section> | </section> | ||
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/1/1c/T--NCTU_Formosa--factory.svg" class="images-b" id="food1" | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/1/1c/T--NCTU_Formosa--factory.svg" class="images-b" id="food1" | ||
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</section> | </section> | ||
<section> | <section> | ||
− | Processed foods | + | Processed foods become softer and cleaner, setting up a perfect storm for caries: less chewing to |
cut the organic film and fewer dietary abrasives to wear away the nooks and crannies in teeth where | cut the organic film and fewer dietary abrasives to wear away the nooks and crannies in teeth where | ||
− | + | Plague bacteria take refuge. | |
</section> | </section> | ||
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</section> | </section> | ||
− | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/archive/3/3e/20210907103033%21T--NCTU_Formosa--time.svg" class="images" id="time" | + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/archive/3/3e/20210907103033%21T--NCTU_Formosa--time.svg" |
− | + | class="images" id="time" alt="time" /> | |
<section> | <section> | ||
According to the World Health Organization estimate, oral diseases affect up to 3.5 billion people | According to the World Health Organization estimate, oral diseases affect up to 3.5 billion people | ||
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<div class="numberList"> | <div class="numberList"> | ||
<div class="numberList-left"> | <div class="numberList-left"> | ||
− | <h class="number">+<span class="animateNum" data-animatetarget=" | + | <h class="number">+<span class="animateNum" data-animatetarget="3500">0</span> million</h> |
− | <p class="oral number">Up to | + | <p class="oral number">Up to 3500 million people |
have oral problem</p> | have oral problem</p> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
</article> | </article> | ||
− | <article> | + | <article id="secondpart"> |
<h2 class="topic">Moreover, the most serious condition…</h2> | <h2 class="topic">Moreover, the most serious condition…</h2> | ||
<section> | <section> | ||
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alt="process" /> | alt="process" /> | ||
<section> | <section> | ||
− | When there's a lack of proper cleanliness, food pieces, and other fragments will quickly precipitate, forming a biofilm. Dental plaque is biofilm. The bacteria in the biofilm will trigger | + | When there's a lack of proper cleanliness, food pieces, and other fragments will quickly precipitate, |
− | + | forming a biofilm. Dental plaque is biofilm. The bacteria in the biofilm will trigger the deterioration of the periodontal condition. | |
</section> | </section> | ||
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</section> | </section> | ||
− | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/ | + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/9/98/T--NCTU_Formosa--consequence2.svg" class="images" |
id="consequence" alt="consequence" /> | id="consequence" alt="consequence" /> | ||
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</article> | </article> | ||
− | <article> | + | <article id="thirdpart"> |
<h2 class="topic">Not only humans,</h2> | <h2 class="topic">Not only humans,</h2> | ||
<section> | <section> | ||
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in diet. | in diet. | ||
</section> | </section> | ||
− | <section>Therefore, we decided to first focus on the oral health of our furry | + | <section>Therefore, we decided to first focus on the oral health of our furry friends, |
dogs before we apply our solution to human beings! | dogs before we apply our solution to human beings! | ||
</section> | </section> | ||
</article> | </article> | ||
− | <article> | + | <article id="fourthpart"> |
<h2 class="topic">Dogs' oral problem</h2> | <h2 class="topic">Dogs' oral problem</h2> | ||
<section> | <section> | ||
− | Based on the research, by just three years of age, eighty percent of dogs have some form of | + | Based on the research, by just three years of age, eighty percent of dogs have some form of periodontal disease. However, the consequences of periodontal disease are not limited to the oral cavity. |
− | + | ||
</section> | </section> | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
</article> | </article> | ||
− | <article> | + | <article id="fourthpart"> |
<h2 class="topic">Dogs' organ infections</h2> | <h2 class="topic">Dogs' organ infections</h2> | ||
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Up to half of the dog patients that have periodontal disease have multiple organ infections. | Up to half of the dog patients that have periodontal disease have multiple organ infections. | ||
</section> | </section> | ||
− | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/6/6f/T--NCTU_Formosa--dogorgan.svg" class="images | + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/6/6f/T--NCTU_Formosa--dogorgan.svg" class="images" id="DogOrgan" |
+ | alt="DogOrgan" /> | ||
<section> | <section> | ||
− | The bacteria that are found within the mouth of dogs with dental disease are the same as the bacteria that result in heart disease. Additionally, the presence of the periodontal disease has been | + | The bacteria that are found within the mouth of dogs with dental disease are the same as the bacteria that result in heart disease. Additionally, the presence of the periodontal disease has been linked to the risk of heart disease in dogs. |
− | + | ||
</section> | </section> | ||
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<h2 class="topic">What is current solution?</h2> | <h2 class="topic">What is current solution?</h2> | ||
<section> | <section> | ||
− | + | Here is the comparison of teeth brushing, teeth cleaning, and dental bone. First, | |
− | + | brushing teeth is cheap but plaque and tartar are still ineradicable. And it is also difficult for owners to brush their dogs’ teeth every day. | |
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
− | + | ||
+ | What about teeth cleaning? Although this is the most effective method, it costs | ||
+ | nearly 400 US dollars, which is the most expensive method. And it needs general anesthesia to | ||
+ | conduct. The prices and risks make some owners refuse to let their dogs use it. | ||
+ | </section> | ||
+ | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/b/b9/T--NCTU_Formosa--expensive.svg" class="images" id="dollars" | ||
+ | alt="dollars" /> | ||
+ | <section> | ||
+ | For the dental bone, while it is inexpensive, convenient, and less harmful to | ||
+ | dogs, it is less effective and efficient than the other methods above, due to the fact that most of | ||
+ | the | ||
+ | current dental bones are based on physical friction. This method can only remove the bacteria and | ||
+ | food residue from the surface of tooth without adding any antibacterial ingredient.</p> | ||
</section> | </section> | ||
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/3/31/T--NCTU_Formosa--solutions_compare.svg" class="images" | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/3/31/T--NCTU_Formosa--solutions_compare.svg" class="images" | ||
id="list" alt="list" /> | id="list" alt="list" /> | ||
− | + | </article> | |
+ | <article style="background-color: RGB(238,247,255);"> | ||
<h2 class="slogan">Because of above methods all have their major shortcomings, the owners' motivation to | <h2 class="slogan">Because of above methods all have their major shortcomings, the owners' motivation to | ||
solve pet's oral problems will decreased. | solve pet's oral problems will decreased. | ||
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<h2 class="slogan">Let our lovely friend live long in panic!</h2> | <h2 class="slogan">Let our lovely friend live long in panic!</h2> | ||
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/5/51/T--NCTU_Formosa--dogcry.svg" class="images-b" id="dog" | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/5/51/T--NCTU_Formosa--dogcry.svg" class="images-b" id="dog" | ||
− | alt="dog" /> | + | alt="dog" style="padding-bottom: 5%;" /> |
</article> | </article> | ||
− | <article> | + | <article id="fifthpart"> |
<h2 class="topic">What is our solution to this problem?</h2> | <h2 class="topic">What is our solution to this problem?</h2> | ||
<section>We ameliorate and create a new type of dental bone, DenTeeth. | <section>We ameliorate and create a new type of dental bone, DenTeeth. | ||
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<section>By using synthesis biology, the brand new method was born. | <section>By using synthesis biology, the brand new method was born. | ||
</section> | </section> | ||
− | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/4/45/T--NCTU_Formosa--advantages_of_denteeth.svg" class="images" /> | + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/4/45/T--NCTU_Formosa--advantages_of_denteeth.svg" |
+ | class="images" /> | ||
</article> | </article> | ||
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<article class="ProjectIntro"> | <article class="ProjectIntro"> | ||
<h2>Detection</h2> | <h2>Detection</h2> | ||
− | <p class="ProjIntro-content">One of our main goals is the development of | + | <p class="ProjIntro-content">One of our main goals is the development of detection that is based on |
− | machine learning.Customize the period of time feeding DenTeeth and improve the effect of DenTeeth by | + | machine learning. Customize the period of time feeding DenTeeth and improve the effect of DenTeeth by |
− | detecting the | + | detecting the number of bacteria in a single dog's mouth. |
</p> | </p> | ||
− | <h2> | + | <h2>Inhibition</h2> |
− | <p class="ProjIntro-content">In DenTeeth, antimicrobial peptides are used to | + | <p class="ProjIntro-content">In DenTeeth, antimicrobial peptides are used to inhibit the growth of bacteria. We use antimicrobial peptide LL-37, which activates autophagy and leads to cell death. |
− | + | ||
</p> | </p> | ||
<h2>Reduction of biofilm and odors</h2> | <h2>Reduction of biofilm and odors</h2> | ||
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project, which is able to reduce the formation of biofilms and reduce the odors as well. | project, which is able to reduce the formation of biofilms and reduce the odors as well. | ||
</p> | </p> | ||
− | <h2> | + | <h2>Restoration</h2> |
− | <p class="ProjIntro-content"> | + | <p class="ProjIntro-content">In addition to eliminating the main factor forming oral problems, restoration of teeth and |
− | periodontal are also | + | periodontal are also necessary. |
</p> | </p> | ||
− | <p class="ProjIntro-content">After the | + | <p class="ProjIntro-content">After the number of bacteria is below a certain value, the mechanism of restoration |
will open, several proteins which can repair damaged gingiva or tooth tissue would be expressed. | will open, several proteins which can repair damaged gingiva or tooth tissue would be expressed. | ||
</p> | </p> | ||
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<div class="dog-button"> | <div class="dog-button"> | ||
− | <a href="https://2021.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Result" class="dog-img" > | + | <a href="https://2021.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Result" class="dog-img"> |
<div class="dog-txt">Result</div> | <div class="dog-txt">Result</div> | ||
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/0/0b/T--NCTU_Formosa--result.svg" alt="Result"> | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/0/0b/T--NCTU_Formosa--result.svg" alt="Result"> | ||
</a> | </a> | ||
− | <a href="https://2021.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Design" class="dog-img" > | + | <a href="https://2021.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Design" class="dog-img"> |
<div class="dog-txt txt-c">Design</div> | <div class="dog-txt txt-c">Design</div> | ||
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/d/d3/T--NCTU_Formosa--design.svg" alt="Design"> | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/d/d3/T--NCTU_Formosa--design.svg" alt="Design"> | ||
</a> | </a> | ||
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<div class="dog-txt txt-c">Model</div> | <div class="dog-txt txt-c">Model</div> | ||
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/5/5e/T--NCTU_Formosa--model_img.svg" alt="Model"> | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/5/5e/T--NCTU_Formosa--model_img.svg" alt="Model"> | ||
− | </a> | + | </a> |
− | </div> | + | </div> |
<div class="dog-button"> | <div class="dog-button"> | ||
<a href="https://2021.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Human_Practice" class="dog-img" id="img-link1"> | <a href="https://2021.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Human_Practice" class="dog-img" id="img-link1"> | ||
<div class="dog-txt">Human Practice</div> | <div class="dog-txt">Human Practice</div> | ||
− | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/5/55/T--NCTU_Formosa--human_practice.svg" alt="Human Practice"> | + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/5/55/T--NCTU_Formosa--human_practice.svg" |
+ | alt="Human Practice"> | ||
</a> | </a> | ||
<a href="https://2021.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Team" class="dog-img" id="img-link2"> | <a href="https://2021.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Team" class="dog-img" id="img-link2"> | ||
<div class="dog-txt txt-c">Team</div> | <div class="dog-txt txt-c">Team</div> | ||
− | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/c/c8/T--NCTU_Formosa--team-.svg" | + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/c/c8/T--NCTU_Formosa--team-.svg" alt="Team"> |
</a> | </a> | ||
− | <a href="https://2021.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Graphic_Design" class="dog-img" > | + | <a href="https://2021.igem.org/Team:NCTU_Formosa/Graphic_Design" class="dog-img"> |
<div class="dog-txt txt-b">Graphic Design</div> | <div class="dog-txt txt-b">Graphic Design</div> | ||
− | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/0/03/T--NCTU_Formosa--graphic.svg" | + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/0/03/T--NCTU_Formosa--graphic.svg" alt="graphic"> |
− | </a> | + | </a> |
− | </div> | + | </div> |
<div class="future"> | <div class="future"> | ||
<p id="future">Next, our goal is to solve the oral health problem in humans.</p> | <p id="future">Next, our goal is to solve the oral health problem in humans.</p> | ||
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} | } | ||
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table { | table { | ||
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@media screen and (max-width: 992px) { | @media screen and (max-width: 992px) { | ||
video { | video { |
Up to 3500 million people have oral problem
47% of adults aged over 30 years have some form of periodontal disease
The dogs older than three years old
Up to 80% of dogs have some form of periodontal disease
One of our main goals is the development of detection that is based on machine learning. Customize the period of time feeding DenTeeth and improve the effect of DenTeeth by detecting the number of bacteria in a single dog's mouth.
In DenTeeth, antimicrobial peptides are used to inhibit the growth of bacteria. We use antimicrobial peptide LL-37, which activates autophagy and leads to cell death.
Based on previous studies, the bacteria on the teeth surface form biofilms which leads to the formation of tartar. In order to solve this problem, we introduce arginine into our project, which is able to reduce the formation of biofilms and reduce the odors as well.
In addition to eliminating the main factor forming oral problems, restoration of teeth and periodontal are also necessary.
After the number of bacteria is below a certain value, the mechanism of restoration will open, several proteins which can repair damaged gingiva or tooth tissue would be expressed.
Next, our goal is to solve the oral health problem in humans.