Template:Ulink-SIP/humanpractices
Human Practices
Question11 Do you have any safety concerns about using bacteria to produce fucose lactose and adding it to milk powder? The main reason for concern is?
1.Purity
2.Aseptic operation
3.Completeness and stability
4.Reliable data
5.Whether the technology is mature
6.The cost is too low to control the bacterial variable. In case of foreign bacteria(phages), it will have a bad effect on people. It can be precipitated by alpha rays and stirring, but the cost is high ,and once the bacteria are abundant, processing is problem.
7.Don’t know about it
8.What is the conversion rate of genetic engineering synthesis? Will there be any residual primary reactants or by-products
We prepared these three questions to ask Professor Wang Minghua:
1.How to keep the cost low and avoid bacterial variables?
2.If there are bacterial variables, what are the effects? what are the consequences？
3.What is the conversion rate of genetic engineering synthesis?
Interview
Our team members interviewed an experienced professor Wang Minghua, who has engaged in bioscience research for many years and specializes in gene expression and regulation.
Q1. what do you think about the nutritional value of 2’-FL as an additive in infant milk powder?
Emerging science indicates that HMO helps to reduce the risk of certain infections in infants who consume it or who are breasted. Preclinical studies have also shown that 2'FL may help stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteria and contribute to normal intestinal barrier function. Personally, I am still exploring the nutritional value of oligosaccharides. I would like to follow up the influence mechanism of this oligosaccharide on intestinal beneficial bacteria and its regulation effect on allergic reactions.
Q2. Do you think it’s safe to produce HMO by genetic engineering bacteria?
Since the birth of the first genetically modified crops in the world in 1983, genetically modified technology has been developing continuously. The safety of GM food is a relative and mobile concept. Perceptions of food and drug safety are likely to change over time and as technology improves. It should be noticed that food production and processing can not be absolutely safe, such as aflatoxin and bacterial toxin contaminated food. However, at present, there is no solid evidence that genetically modified food is harmful.
Q3. Is there any different technologies to produce HMOs ?
Due to the different types and structures of human milk oligosaccharides, the ways of synthesis and fermentation are also different. Microbial synthetic fermentation is a method to synthesize oligosaccharides directly in microbial cells by using different enzymes overexpressed by themselves or genetically engineered or heterologous. Some technologies may have genetically engineered defects, but with the development of scientific research, one after another are gradually overcome the difficulty, become the most potential for development of a technology.
In conclusion, it’s important for an infant to intake right amounts of HMOs to prevent the infant from being infected. Moreover, based on what professor Wang said, the production of HMO has negligible hazard on human body. After the interview, we have a better understanding of genetic engineering and can make progress on our project.