Latest revision as of 10:07, 7 December 2021

INTEGRATED HUMAN PRACTICES

INSPIRATION

During the initial stage after team CPU_CHINA 2021 was established, we’ve brainstormed for several times to explore how synthetic biology may change the real world from every aspect of our society and lives.

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Fig. 1 Brainstorming.

After multiple heated discussions, the current issue of excessive packaging in express industry captured our attention. In China, with the rapid development of e-commerce, express has gradually become an indispensable part in our daily life. Yet the convenience and efficiency that express delivery brought to us was inevitably accompanied by a large number of waste plastic packaging. These waste plastic packaging can not be easily recycled and reused like other packaging materials. And the white pollution problem they brought has seriously affected the living environment of human beings. With the passion for doing something to change the current situation, CPU_CHINA started from our surrounding environment and tried to carry out related investigations.

LISTEN TO THE WORLD

In sum, by conducting on-site investigations to learn about the production, transportation and disposal of express packaging waste, we specified our resolve of polyethylene degradation, whose settlement is of key importance for alleviating express waste pollution. We also received certain cautions to be paid attention to when designing and evaluating our project. In addition, through summarizing current situations of PE recycling industry and talking to practitioners in the field, we discovered the potential application of our project as a potent pollutant cleanser and resource regenerator.

CHAPTER 1. EXPRESS DEPOSITORIES

In order to explore the story behind discarded express packaging, we focused on their origin by going to the site for acquiring first hand information. The first location that came into our mind was the Cai Niao Courier Station in our campus.

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Fig. 2 Interviewing the staff of the Cai Niao Courier Station.

We interviewed the staff of the Cai Niao Station in China Pharmaceutical University. According to their knowledge, the amount of express delivery and plastic packaging consumed solely by this very station in our school was already considerable. Normally, there are about 7000 received packages at the station per day. On average, every student of the school receives 4.5 packages per week, and this number will increase significantly during sales promotion of many e-commerce platforms. In addition, logistics companies and merchants tend to apply excessive packaging in order to ensure the safety or improve the exquisiteness of the goods before sending them out. All of these factors contributed to the accumulation of discarded packaging waste, which needs to be cleaned up by the staffs for many times on a daily basis.

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Fig. 3 The person who took the packages.

The data and records provided by the staff during this interview revealed to us the shocking volume of express delivery industry, and the accompanying packaging waste, which strongly proved the urgency of this issue. This prompted us to conduct a more veritable research outside the campus to acquire a more comprehensive and realistic understanding, as well as to determine the specific but crucial problem we should tackle. Therefore, the next stop we visited were several residential areas in Nanjing. Similar to the situation in our campus, we found that there were many discarded plastic packaging in the express depositories of the community. After randomly interviewing some residents, we learned the following things:

The development of online shopping in China has led to a boom in the express delivery industry, which clearly benefits everyone. A community resident who was signing for packages told us that everything she needed in daily life can be mostly bought online, thus saving her time of shopping in grocery stores and supermarkets for other meaningful purposes. The storage racks full of parcels in the express depositories also illustrated the importance of express delivery in the lives of Chinese people.
Large numbers of packages can bring not only convenience, but also waste. The staff at the community express depository said that in order to ensure the integrity and safety of goods during their transportation, apart from commonly applied paper boxes as a container of goods, the express companies also have to use plastic packaging materials such as adhesive tapes and inflatable damping bags to seal the package and protect the goods. By the time these packages reached to consumers, unlike the recyclable paper boxes, these plastic packaging materials would be thrown away instantly and turned into garbage--this was a brand new fact that was extremely important. Some other residents who came to pick up the packages also informed us about the inconvenience caused by overpacked plastics on their parcels.

Fig. 4 Talking with residents.

The situations and findings in the residential areas were similar to what we've discovered in the campus. As a result, we realized that without an appropriate treatment, these single-used plastic waste are bound to cause serious consumption of resources, as well as the environmental pollution.

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Fig. 5 A lot of plastic waste.

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Fig. 6 Garbage truck.

Feedback:

In light of the acquired findings from the two preliminary visits, we realized that the accumulation of plastic packaging waste had been a problem that requires urgent response and attention. Therefore, bearing the values of sustainable development in mind, members of CPU_CHINA 2021 began to conduct literature investigation and discussions, in search of an potential innovative solution towards this issue, with the hope that we can solve plastic pollution nowadays. During this process, we got to know that the main composition of plastic packaging waste was polyethylene (PE), a type of widely used polymer material mainly consisting of carbon and hydrogen, making it difficult to be degraded under natural conditions. Thus, we became determined to develop a new type of PE degradation method that can effectively accelerate the break down of PE.

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Fig. 7 Lively discussion among members.

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Fig. 8 Discussing project.

Meanwhile, since we were trying to figure out a new solution on plastic waste treatment, it is also of vital importance to know about the current plastic disposal situations to help us precisely modify our project. Therefore, eager to have a more in-depth understanding of the city's waste plastic treatment system, we made a trip to the garbage disposal transit station in Jiangning High-tech District for on-site investigation.

CHAPTER 2. GARBAGE TRANSIT STATION

This station is the centralized disposal point of household waste produced in the district. The station staff told us that household waste from the communities will be concentrated in the district-level garbage processing transit station, where the recyclable materials will be sorted out for recycling; the kitchen waste will be sent to special processing device for resource reclamation, generating organic fertilizer as the final product; and other waste will be directly loaded to the garbage transfer trucks for transportation to garbage incineration plants or landfills.

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Fig. 9 Interviewing the staff of the garbage transit station.

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Fig. 10 The staff is disinfecting the garbage truck.

As for our survey object, we learned from this trip that PE belongs to other waste. Its disposal profile showed that part of it will be recycled and reused by professional companies, but the other portions that cannot be recycled will be uniformly transported to incineration plants or landfills in the suburbs.

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Fig. 11 The transportation flow of waste plastic.

Therefore, to close the loop of the journey of disposed plastic waste, we decided to conduct further interview to plastic recycling enterprises, and to make visits to garbage disposal plants.

CHAPTER 3. THE END OF DISCARDED PLASTICS

Plastic recycling enterprise:

Lanzhou Jintudi Plastic Product Co. Ltd

Lanzhou Jintudi Plastic Product Company Limited is a large entity enterprise which specializes in recycling waste plastic into new materials, such as agricultural mulching film, for production and transaction. We contacted the chief manager of this enterprise, Ms. Sun, through team DUT_China, to learn about the existing PE products and the recycling status of PE.

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Fig. 12 We met Ms. Sun and her student, Mr. Liu of Lanzhou Jintudi Plastic Product Co. Ltd with team DUT_China.

Ms. Sun introduced us to the technological process of plastic recycling.

She told us that China's plastic recycling market only began to develop in recent years. The existing technology is not particularly mature, thus the requirements on waste plastic as raw materials for recycle are relatively high. However, the sources of waste plastics are complex, and they often mixed with impurities such as fabrics, rubber, metals, and silts, making them difficult to be processed for now. So the fact is, there are currently not many types of plastic can be recycled and reused. The remaining portion can only be landfilled or incinerated. There is no doubt that the plastic recycling market has huge development potential in the future, but nowadays the proportion of plastic that can be recycled is still small, which requires the joint efforts of academia and industry to improve this situation.
With increasing emphasis on sustainable development by government, numerous enterprises have begun to develop degradable plastic pipelines. However, they encountered many realistic factors, such as high cost of material, rigorous degradation condition, incomplete degradation and so on. There is still a long way to go for biodegradable plastics to be used on a much wider scale.
As a result, our aim of trying to tackle the issue of unrecyclable PE plastic pollution was highly recognized by Ms. Sun. She affirmed the practical significance of our project, but she also pointed out for us that if we want to evaluate the plastic-degrading efficacy of our system, we must pay attention to the additives in the selected plastic samples for the reason that they might affect the experimental outcome. Also, she suggested that as we carried on designing and modifying our project, there are many governmental regulations and national standards about plastic degradation evaluation that would benefit our design, and we should look them up carefully.

Feedback:

We learned from the interview that due to various realistic factors, both the plastic recycling industry and the bio-degradable plastic production industry have their own advantages to occupy a portion of market share, and their disadvantages that limit the market share from expanding. This phenomenon enlightened us that we should also evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of our project that would define our share of market, in order to determine the implementation of our product. As a result, we hoped to seek more guidance and comments on our project from practitioners in the plastic industry, which prompted us to attend relative industry exhibition or market development forum, where we would have the chance to meet more stakeholders for feedback.

At the same time, we must pay attention to national standards when verifying the plastic degradation efficiency of our system. In response to the advice provided by Ms. Sun, we made adjustments on our experimental design regarding the selection of plastic samples and the evaluation of plastic degradation by adding multiple means of instrumental analysis approach to evaluate the degradation of PE more comprehensively.

Plastic disposal plant:

Our last stop is the garbage treatment plant located in Jiaozishan. The unrecyclable PE, together with other urban garbage, were collected by the garbage disposal transit stations in all districts and counties and were transported to here, waiting for their final destinies.

With the increase of the urban population and the improvement of people's living standards, the output of municipal solid waste is also increasing. According to statistics, two-thirds of China's 668 cities are surrounded by garbage. The total land area of garbage storage in the country has reached 500 square kilometers, and one-quarter of the cities have developed to a stage where no suitable land is available for storage. China's municipal waste is growing at an annual rate of 8% to 10%, reaching 340 million tons by 2020.

As mentioned before, the unrecyclable PE waste is transported to the landfill for sanitary burial. Such a treatment method makes the degradation of municipal solid waste very slow, not to mention the strategy of accelerating their degradation is relatively scarce. Thus, these accumulated waste will inevitably lead to a huge impact on the environment for a long time.

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Fig. 13 Interviewing the staff of the plastic disposal plant.

Fig. 14 Watching the scale video of the landfill site together with the staff.

The technicians managing the landfill told us that the natural degradation process of municipal waste is accompanied by occurrence of multiple physical, chemical and biological reactions in reality. During this process, microorganisms may play a leading role in biodegradation of the waste. Therefore, we suggest that applying biological factors to accelerate the disappearance of plastics in landfills should be an ideal approach to alleviate the serious white pollution.

SUMMARY

We shared the collective information with other members of the team. By integrating results of preliminary literature investigations and feedback from field researches, a consensus was established in the whole team that microbes and their associate enzymes can play an important role in promoting degradation of many types of pollutants, including plastic wastes. So our team further skimmed through a lot of extra literatures and databases hoping to discover agents that have the potential to degrade PE. After putting up extensive efforts, we discovered manganese peroxidase (MnP), a lignin peroxidase derived from the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium. It has been reported in literature that MnP secreted by the fungus still has a significant degradation efficiency when applied on the PE film alone. Therefore, we decided to focus on this very enzyme and eventually designed a polyethylene degradation system based on three functional protein and two connect systems. We named it "Polyethylene Degradist", or PEDe.

For details, please see Design.

At the same time, based on the design of our PE-degrading system, we have clarified our brief product positioning. Our product, the PEDe., can be used to solve the pollution of the existing enormous amount of discarded PE waste towards the soil and water, as well as to improve the resource utilization rate so that the existing landfills can maximize their effectiveness. Therefore, our project can provide a positive influence for the environment. CPU_CHINA hopes that our efforts can help the world to recover from the burden of white pollutions.

MADE OUR VOICE HEARD

As the theme and design of our PE-degrading system were settled, we proceeded to transform concepts into entities. During this process, stakeholders, practitioners and experts were met, consulted or interviewed in order to receive guidance that helped to determine market positioning of our product, raise public awareness of waste sorting, tackle problems of verifying project feasibility, and most importantly, answer the question of how would our product be implemented in the real world.

EXPERTS

click number for more details

INDUSTRY EXHIBITION & MARKET DEVELOPMENT FORUM

In order to further explore the market system and determine the business model of our product, we participated in the 2021 China (Nanjing) Plastics Industry Exhibition & Biodegradable Plastics Chemical Technology and Market Development Forum held in Nanjing International Exhibition Center on June 17, 2021. On this exhibition, we interviewed stakeholders from Wujiang Green Forest Resources Recycling Company Limited and SANER International.

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Fig. 15 Industry Exhibition & Market Development Forum visit card.

Wujiang Green Forest Resources Recycling Company Limited

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Fig. 16 Taking photo with Ms. Lin.

Interviewee: Ms. Lin, General Manager.

Enterprise attributes: Recycle and utilization of renewable resources

Interview content:

A Brief introduction of the main business of the enterprise.

The enterprise recycles scraps, defective products generated in the factory and daily necessities (cosmetics, toiletries). They set up sorting points and deep-processing plants in China and Japan to classify and recycle the collected plastic waste. With the help of physical, chemical and other kinds of methods, plastic waste is transformed into new plastic particles.

The source of plastic waste.

Most of the recycled plastic waste comes from China. The current recycling situation is relatively good. The recyclable plastic waste will be purchased directly from plastic manufactories or companies. Compared with recycling from the garbage disposal station, it is more efficient and more professional. A part of the domestic waste collected by the recycling station can also be used, but specific evaluation and classification are required.

The prospects of the plastics market.

According to the current orientation of policies in China, and the development trend of global environmental protection, the future plastics market will definitely develop towards the direction of degradability and recycling. Degradable plastics can solve the problem of plastic pollution from the source, while plastic recycling uses different technologies to make recycled discarded plastics into plastic particles for reuse, which can create greater economic value. But there is still a long way to go for the ideal future.

Advice on our project of plastic degradation.

Mr. Lin expressed appreciation on our ideas, but he also pointed out that we must pay attention to practical issues, such as cost and budgets, as well as the project's possibility to be applied to reality, etc. He reminded us that the transformation of technology into products is a difficult process, thus we should contact various stakeholders for suggestions, and analyze the economic effects that can be created by our products.

SANER International

Fig. 17 Taking photo with Manager Shen.

Interviewee: Manager Shen

Enterprise attributes: Recycling and reusing of plastic

Interview content:

Main business of the enterprise.

The main business of the company is to recycle waste plastic and use them to produce new plastic products through crushing, washing, and pelletizing. But unlike other companies, the main raw materials of this company are plastics in household waste.

The main source of raw materials.

Most of them come from Europe, America, Japan and other regions. Only a small amount of them comes from China. Because the foreign waste classification system is more mature and the plastic recycling market is also more developed, the recycling work is easier. China's garbage classification started later and there are still many areas that need to be improved.

Summary

Through communication with stakeholders, based on their feedback, we learned that besides technology itself, we also need to pay attention to the process of transforming technology into products and assess the economic benefits of products. Therefore, after that, we made a business plan for PEDe. to analyze the market or competition and formulate marketing strategies.

For details, please see Entrepreneurship.
We were reminded that the domestic waste classification is not yet mature enough, as it is the reason why the raw materials for plastic recycling come from foreign regions. Therefore, we decided to use the iGEM platform to promote the importance of waste sorting to the masses, hoping to raise public awareness of waste sorting. Based on this, we have opened a waste sorting publicity activity.

For details, please see Education.

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ONLINE

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Fig. 18 Taking photo with Manager Wang.

Interviewee: Manager Wang

Enterprise attributes: "Internet Plus" service platform for environmental protection industry

Interview content:

Main business of the enterprise.

The main purpose of this enterprise is to build an information exchange platform for green companies, such as degradable plastic production companies and plastic recycling companies, to display their marketing and purchasing information. Also, the platform promotes environmental protection technologies, as well as pollution control methods on a daily basis. There are websites and apps ready for use.

Advice on our project of plastic degradation.

There are many companies in this area that they have cooperated with. From an academic point of view, our idea and technology are with high value and significance, which is awesome and worth of praise. When these technologies become more mature, Environmental Protection Online is willing to cooperate with CPU_CHINA to further promote our products and concepts.

Suggestions for the promotion of the CPU_CHINA project

Nowadays, young people are becoming more accustomed to receiving information from the Internet, without the rapid development of online social media not could be true. Therefore, CPU_CHINA can make use of Weibo, Bilibili, YouTube and other online platforms to expand influence when promoting our project. In addition, we can implement some more interesting ways to attract public attentions.

Summary:

Members of human practices gained a lot from this conversation. Based on the inspiration we acquired, CPU_CHINA set up official accounts on major social platforms, planned an art exhibition named Meddy: Relight My Star and produced comic strips. All of these have won the favor of the public and provided great help for the promotion of our project.

For details, please see Education and Meddy .

ECOLOGY ENVIRONMENT BUREAU OF NANJING

After determining the project positioning and related technologies, we contacted the staff of Ecology Environment Bureau of Nanjing by phone and consulted their opinions on our project.

The Ecology Environment Bureau is a functional organization of the local government in charge of environmental protection.

Fig. 19 Ecology Environment Bureau of Nanjing.

(The marketization of public services does not mean the transfer of government 's responsibility. So the Ecology Environment Bureau is still responsible for supervision and management.)

After inquiring relevant laws and regulations, we found that the government has paid great attention to the phenomenon of excessive packaging in the express industry and has issued regulations to restrict it. The Ecology Environment Bureau of Nanjing expressed support for our project and advised us to focus on the practical meaning of this project. The staff suggested that we try to advertise the project for investment through various ways, and transform the project into products when the technology is mature. At the same time, we should determine the product orientation for subsequent promotion. They also reminded us to focus on risk assessment and control as the project proceed.

PRACTISE IN REALITY

END USER

The main end users of our product are garbage disposal plants and government environmental protection departments, supplemented by non-profit organizations, ecological restoration companies, and biotechnology companies.

HOW TO USE

Our entire system can be distributed to users in the form of protein/nucleic acid freeze-dried powder. A set of product includes four types of protein freeze-dried powders and four types of nucleic acid freeze-dried powders. After receiving the product, the user only needs to re-dissolve the powder into designated solutions, and assemble the entire degradation system in a few simple steps as instructed. Subsequently, the assembled system can be directly applied to the surface of PE. By adding the required substrate solution, the degradation reactions will be activated.

HOW TO IMPLEMENT

Based on the novelty of our plastic degradation product, PEDe. will start promoting from a small scale. Taking the Jiaozishan Landfill, Tianjingwa Landfill, and Shuige Landfill in Nanjing as examples, the construction of the three landfills have played a vital role in solving domestic garbage outlet and realizing harmless waste treatment for the city. We planned to set the three Nanjing municipal landfills as the starting point of our product, to explore the commercialization potential of PEDe.. Through seeking cooperation with the government, biotechnology companies and non-profit organizations, a transaction can be concluded with the landfill to degrade the collected PE plastic waste. And by gradually expanding the product market, we hope to realize a comprehensive development in many provinces and cities across the country, and finally promote out product to the world. Entrepreneurship

FUTURE

Comprehensive ecological restoration

Based on the principle, the final product of this project has the potential of degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, azo dye and other organic pollutants in addition to PE, which are also the causes of water and soil pollution. Therefore, PEDe. can be used to explore more possibilities in the field of ecological restoration beyond degrading PE, such as cooperating with ecological restoration companies to help them complete the comprehensive management of the ecological environment.

"Nowadays, the Chinese government pays more attention to the negative impact on the environment during the process of economic development, and continues to increase its efforts in environmental governance. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly stated that efforts should be made to solve environmental problems, and the government has issued relevant policies to promote water and soil conservation, urban ecological restoration, land management, river, lake and wetland protection, marine ecological protection and other fields. With the strong support of national policies and the rapid growth of market demand, the ecological restoration industry has developed rapidly and the market scale has continued to expand. From 2015 to 2019, the scale of fixed asset investment in China's ecological protection and environmental governance industry has gradually increased, with an average annual compound growth rate of 21.27%, and the market size is expected to reach 956.3 billion yuan in 2021. At the same time, traditional landscaping companies have been seeking business breakthroughs and transformations. Their business structure has clearly shifted to the field of ecological protection and restoration; enterprises in the industry are gradually developing towards comprehensive ecological restoration. The future of the ecological restoration industry has unlimited potential!"

Advantages of the connect system

Although the function of the final product of this project focuses on using the synergy of functional proteins to accelerate the green degradation of PE plastic, the CRISPR/dCas9 anchoring system used to connect functional proteins has quite flexible modularity and programmability. That is, through the special sequence design of the double-stranded DNA, the spacing, number and arrangement of the binding sites of the dCas9: sgRNA complex on the chain can be customized. Combining with the SpyCatcher/SpyTag connection system, the anchor of an ordered assay of functional proteins can be achieved.

Studies have shown that using this system to connect enzymes on specific metabolic pathways in series can effectively accelerate the rate of conversion of the original substrate into the target product, and greatly increase the yield of the target product. That is to say, the design of the double connection system, combined with diversified functional proteins or enzymes, complexes with distinct function can be generated, enabling them to play a role in many known or potential fields, such as industrial production, basic scientific research, analysis and testing!

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-                            xlink:href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/f/fd/T--CPU_CHINA--Frosting2.png" />
-                    </pattern>
-                </defs>
-                <g class="main">
-                    <g class="card">
-                        <rect fill="none" stroke="#ccc" opacity="0.75" stroke-width="3" width="100%" height="100%"
-                            rx="10" ry="10" opacity="0.6" />
-                         <rect fill="url(#cardBg)" width="100%" height="100%" rx="11" ry="11" opacity="0.6" />
-                    </g>
-                 </g>
-            </svg>
-            <nav>
-                <div class="catalogue-title">IHP</div>
-                <ul class="catalogue">
-                    <li class="num">
-                        <a href="#section1" title="INSPIRATION">INSPIRATION</a>
-                    </li>
-                    <li class="num">
+                #contain #detail #experts2 {
-                         <a href="#section2" title="LISTEN TO THE WORLD">LISTEN TO THE WORLD</a>
+                         display: flex;
-                    </li>
+                        justify-content: center;
+                        flex-direction: column;
+                }
-                    <li class="num">
+                #contain #detail #expertButton {
-                         <a href="#section3" title="MADE OUR VOICE BE HEARD">MADE OUR VOICE BE HEARD</a>
+                         margin: 5px;
-                    </li>
+                        display: flex;
+                        justify-content: center;
+                        flex-wrap: nowrap;
+                }
-                    <li class="num">
+                #contain #detail #fly {
-                         <a href="#section4" title="PRACTISE IN REALITY">PRACTISE IN REALITY</a>
+                        display: flex;
-                    </li>
+                        justify-content: center;
-                    <li class="num">
+                        margin-top: 10%;
-                        <a href="#section5" title="EXPERTS">EXPERTS</a>
+                }
-                    </li>
-                </ul>
+                #contain #detail #fly img {
-            </nav>
+                        width: 100%;
-            <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/2/2e/T--CPU_CHINA--walking.png" alt="">
+                        border: #FFFFFF 5px solid;
-         </div>
+                        margin: 0;
-         <div id="detail" class="clearfix">
+                }
-            <div class="section" id="section1">
-                <h2 id='inspiration'><span>INSPIRATION</span></h2>
+                #contain #detail #fly img:hover {
-                <p><span>During the initial stage after team CPU_CHINA 2021 was established, we’ve
+                        border: none;
-                                brainstormed for several
+                }
-                                times to explore how synthetic biology may change the real world from
-                                every aspect of our society
+                #contain #detail #experts2 #expertButton img {
-                                and lives. </span></p>
+                        width: 15vmin;
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/7/7a/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--1.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--1" style="zoom: 25%;" />
+                        height: 15vmin;
-                </p>
+                        margin: 10px;
-                <p class="imgdescribe"><span>Fig. 1: Brainstorming</span></p>
+                        border: 5px solid #FFFFFF;
-                <p><span>After multiple heated discussions, the current issue of excessive packaging in
+                }
-                                express industry
+                #contain #detail #experts2 #expertButton img:hover{
-                                captured our attention. In China, with the rapid development of
+                        border: 2px solid #FFFFFF;
-                                e-commerce, express has gradually
+                }
-                                become an indispensable part in our daily life. Yet the convenience and
+                #contain #detail #experts2 #expertButton img:active{
-                                efficiency that express
+                        border: 0;
-                                delivery brought to us was inevitably accompanied by a large number of
+                }
-                                waste plastic packaging.
+                #contain #detail #experts2 img {
-                                These waste plastic packaging can not be easily recycled and reused like
+                        width: 130%;
-                                other packaging materials.
+                        margin-left: -10vw;
-                                And the white pollution problem they brought has seriously affected the
+                }
-                                living environment of human
+        </style>
-                                beings. With the passion for doing something to change the current
+</head>
-                                situation, CPU_CHINA started from
-                                our surrounding environment and tried to carry out related
+<body>
-                                investigations.</span></p>
+        <header id="header">
-        </div>
+                <div id="load" v-show="loading"><img
-        <div class="section" id="section2">
+                                src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/c/c4/T--CPU_CHINA--loading.gif" alt=""></div>
-                <h2 id='listen-to-the-world'><span>LISTEN TO THE WORLD</span></h2>
+                <div id="menu">
-                <p><span>In order to explore </span><strong><span>the story behind discarded express
+                        <div id="menuBack" v-show="isOpen" :class="isActive" @click="ifclick"></div>
-                                        packaging and how it
+                         <a href="https://2021.igem.org/Team:CPU_CHINA"><img id="logo"
-                                        became discarded plastic</span></strong><span>, we focused on
+                                        src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/d/d5/T--CPU_CHINA--ProjectLogo.png"
-                                their origin by going to the site
+                                        alt="项目logo"></a>
-                                for acquiring first hand information.</span></p>
+                        <div id="select" @mouseleave="leave" @mouseover="on">
-                <h3 id='chapter-1-express-depositories'><span>CHAPTER 1. EXPRESS DEPOSITORIES </span>
+                                <img id="menuImg" :src="menu" alt="这是菜单图片" @mouseover="mouseover" @click="click">
-                </h3>
+                                <ul id="class-a" class="class" v-show="classA">
-                <p><span>The first location that came into our mind was the </span><strong><span>Cai
+                                        <li v-for="(item,index) in classList"
-                                        Niao Courier
+                                                :class="isActiveA == index? 'class-a' : ''" @click="classAClick(index)">
-                                        Station</span></strong><span> </span><strong><span>in our
+                                                {{item}}</li>
-                                        campus</span></strong><span>. It is a
+                                </ul>
-                                logistics service platform, which provides package collection services
+                                <ul id="class-b" class="class" v-show="classB">
-                                for online purchasers in
+                                        <li v-for="item in classList2[isActiveA]"
-                                communities and campuses. More than
+                                                :class="isActiveB == item.num? 'class-b' : ''"
-                        </span><strong><span>40,000</span></strong><span> Cai Niao
+                                                @mouseover="classBOver(item.num)" @mouseleave="classBLeave(item.num)"><a
-                                courier stations constitute the widely scattered terminal express
+                                                        :href="item.url">
-                                networks in cities around
+                                                        {{item.text}}</a></li>
-                                China.</span></p>
+                                </ul>
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/0/0c/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--2.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--2" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
+                        </div>
-                <p class="imgdescribe"><span>Fig. 2 : Interviewing the staff of the Cai Niao Courier Station</span></p>
+                </div>
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/f/fd/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--3.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--3" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
+                <img class="background" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/5/55/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--Background.png"
-                <p class="imgdescribe"><span>Fig. 3: The person who took the packages</span></p>
+                        alt="">
-                <p><span>We interviewed the staff of the Cai Niao Station in China Pharmaceutical
+                <h1 id="title">INTEGRATED HUMAN PRACTICES</h1>
-                                University. According to
+                <svg width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 1920 600" version="1.1"
-                                their knowledge, the amount of express delivery and plastic packaging
+                        style="fill-rule:evenodd;clip-rule:evenodd;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-miterlimit:2;">
-                                consumed solely by this very
+                        <g transform="matrix(1.16285,0,0,1.38837,253.426,-231.748)">
-                                station in our school was already considerable. Normally, there are
+                                <g id="AD1">
-                                about </span><strong><span>7000
+                                        <path id="凹形遮罩"
-                                        received packages</span></strong><span> at the station
+                                                d="M1433.18,439.801C1433.18,439.801 1001.08,524.071 607.621,524.374C219.99,524.673 -217.935,439.801 -217.935,439.801L-217.935,944.811L1433.18,944.811L1433.18,439.801Z"
-                        </span><strong><span>per
+                                                style="fill:#FFFFFF;" />
-                                        day</span></strong><span>. On average, every student of the
+                                </g>
-                                school receives
+                        </g>
-                        </span><strong><span>4.5 packages per week,</span></strong><span> and this
+                </svg>
-                                number will increase
+         </header>
-                                significantly during sales promotion of many e-commerce platforms. In
+         <div id="contain" class=" clearfix">
-                                addition, logistics companies
+                <div id="detail" class="clearfix">
-                                and merchants tend to apply </span><strong><span>excessive
+                        <div class="section" id="section1">
-                                        packaging</span></strong><span> in order
+                                <h2 id='inspiration'><span>INSPIRATION</span></h2>
-                                to ensure the safety or improve the exquisiteness of the goods before
+                                <p><span>During the initial stage after team CPU_CHINA 2021 was established, we’ve
-                                sending them out. All of these
+                                                brainstormed for several
-                                factors contributed to the accumulation of discarded plastic packaging,
+                                                times to explore how synthetic biology may change the real world from
-                                which needs to be cleaned up
+                                                every aspect of our society
-                                by the staffs for many times on a daily basis. </span></p>
+                                                and lives. </span></p>
-                <p>&nbsp;</p>
+                                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/7/7a/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--1.jpeg"
-                <p><span>The data and records collected during this interview revealed to us the
+                                                alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--1" style="zoom: 25%;" /></p>
-                                shocking volume of express
+                                <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 1 Brainstorming.</span></strong></p>
-                                delivery industry, and the accompanying plastic packaging waste, which
+                                <p><span>After multiple heated discussions, the current issue of excessive packaging in
-                                prompted us to conduct a more
+                                                express industry
-                                veritable research outside the campus to acquire a more comprehensive
+                                                captured our attention. In China, with the rapid development of
-                                and general understanding on
+                                                e-commerce, express has gradually
-                                the issue. Therefore, the next stop we visited were several
+                                                become an indispensable part in our daily life. Yet the convenience and
-                        </span><strong><span>residential
+                                                efficiency that express
-                                        areas</span></strong><span> in Nanjing. Shortly after our
+                                                delivery brought to us was inevitably accompanied by a large number of
-                                arrival, we found that there were
+                                                waste plastic packaging.
-                        </span><strong><span>many discarded plastic packaging in the express
+                                                These waste plastic packaging can not be easily recycled and reused like
-                                        depositories of the
+                                                other packaging materials.
-                                        community</span></strong><span>, just like what we had seen back
+                                                And the white pollution problem they brought has seriously affected the
-                                in our school. After randomly
+                                                living environment of human
-                                interviewing some residents, we learned the following things:</span></p>
+                                                beings. With the passion for doing something to change the current
-                <ol start=''>
+                                                situation, CPU_CHINA started from
-                        <li><span>The development of online shopping in China has led to a boom in the
+                                                our surrounding environment and tried to carry out related
-                                        express delivery
+                                                investigations.</span></p>
-                                        industry, which clearly benefits everyone. A community resident
+                        </div>
-                                        who was signing for packages
+                        <div id="fly">
-                                        told us that everything she needed in daily life can be mostly
+                                <a href="#section2"><img
-                                        bought online, thus saving her
+                                                src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/1/10/T--CPU_CHINA--iHP--bottom1.png"
-                                        time of shopping in grocery stores and supermarkets for other
+                                                alt=""></a>
-                                        meaningful purposes. The storage
+                                <a href="#section3"><img
-                                        racks full of parcels in the express depositories also
+                                                src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/e/e1/T--CPU_CHINA--iHP--bottom2.png"
-                                        illustrated the importance of express
+                                                alt=""></a>
-                                        delivery in the lives of Chinese people.</span></li>
+                                <a href="#section4"><img
-                        <li><span>Large numbers of packages can bring not only convenience, but also
+                                                src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/8/87/T--CPU_CHINA--iHP--bottom3.png"
-                                        trouble. The staff at the
+                                                alt=""></a>
-                                        express depository said that in order to ensure the integrity
+                        </div>
-                                        and safety of goods during their
+                        <div class="section" id="section2">
-                                        transportation, the express companies have to put necessary but
+                                <h2 id='listen-to-the-world'><span>LISTEN TO THE WORLD</span></h2>
-                                        often excessive packaging on the
+                                <p><span>In sum, by conducting on-site investigations to learn about the production,
-                                        goods. But by the time these packages reached to consumers, the
+                                                transportation and
-                                        packaging materials would
+                                                disposal of express packaging waste, we specified our resolve of
-                                        instantly turn into garbage, which was in line with our previous
+                                                polyethylene degradation, whose
-                                        observations. Some residents
+                                                settlement is of key importance for alleviating express waste pollution.
-                                        who came to pick up the couriers also complained about the
+                                                We also received certain
-                                        inconvenience caused by overpacked
+                                                cautions to be paid attention to when designing and evaluating our
-                                        plastics on their parcels.</span></li>
+                                                project. In addition, through
-                </ol>
+                                                summarizing current situations of PE recycling industry and talking to
-                <p><span>The situations and findings in the residential areas were similar to what
+                                                practitioners in the field,
-                                we&#39;ve discovered in
+                                                we discovered the potential application of our project as a potent
-                                the campus. As a result, we realized that without an appropriate
+                                                pollutant cleanser and resource
-                                treatment, these single-used
+                                                regenerator.</span></p>
-                                plastic waste are bound to cause serious consumption of resources, as
+                                <h3 id='chapter-1-express-depositories'><span>CHAPTER 1. EXPRESS DEPOSITORIES </span>
-                                well as the environmental
+                                </h3>
-                                pollution.</span></p>
+                                <p><span>In order to explore </span><strong><span>the story behind discarded express
-                <p><span>When we asked about the disposal methods of these discarded plastic packaging,
+                                                        packaging</span></strong><span>, we focused on their origin by
-                                one of the resident
+                                                going to the site for acquiring
-                                suggested that we should look for the garbage transfer trucks and follow
+                                                first hand information. The first location that came into our mind was
-                                them to explore the next
+                                                the </span><strong><span>Cai
-                                stop for garbage disposal.</span></p>
+                                                        Niao Courier Station</span></strong><span> in our campus.
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/4/4e/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--4.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--4" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
+                                        </span></p>
-                <p class="imgdescribe"><span>Fig. 4: A lot of plastic waste</span></p>
+                                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/0/0c/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--2.jpeg"
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/5/5d/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--5.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--5" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
+                                                alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--2" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
-                <p class="imgdescribe"><span>Fig. 5: Talking with residents</span></p>
+                                <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 2 Interviewing the staff of the Cai Niao
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/f/fb/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--6.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--6" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
+                                                        Courier Station.</span></strong></p>
-                <p class="imgdescribe"><span>Fig. 6: Garbage truck</span></p>
+                                <p><span>We interviewed the staff of the Cai Niao Station in China Pharmaceutical
-                <p><span>In light of the acquired findings from the two preliminary visits, we realized
+                                                University. According to
-                                that
+                                                their knowledge, the amount of express delivery and plastic packaging
-                        </span><strong><span>the accumulation of plastic packaging waste had been a
+                                                consumed solely by this very
-                                        problem that requires urgent
+                                                station in our school was already considerable. Normally, there are
-                                        response and attention</span></strong><span>. Therefore, bearing
+                                                about </span><strong><span>7000
-                                the values of sustainable
+                                                        received packages</span></strong><span> at the station
-                                development in mind, members of CPU_CHINA 2021 began to conduct
+                                        </span><strong><span>per
-                                literature investigation and
+                                                        day</span></strong><span>. On average, every student of the
-                                discussions, in search for an potential innovative solution towards this
+                                                school receives
-                                issue, with the hope that
+                                        </span><strong><span>4.5 packages per week,</span></strong><span> and this
-                                we can resolve plastic pollution nowadays. During this process, we got
+                                                number will increase
-                                to know that the main
+                                                significantly during sales promotion of many e-commerce platforms. In
-                                composition of plastic packaging waste was
+                                                addition, logistics companies
-                        </span><strong><span>polyethylene
+                                                and merchants tend to apply </span><strong><span>excessive
-                                        (PE)</span></strong><span>, a type of widely used polymer
+                                                        packaging</span></strong><span> in order
-                                material mainly consisting of carbon
+                                                to ensure the safety or improve the exquisiteness of the goods before
-                                and hydrogen, making it </span><strong><span>difficult to be
+                                                sending them out. All of these
-                                        degraded</span></strong><span> under
+                                                factors contributed to the accumulation of discarded packaging waste,
-                                natural conditions. Thus, we became determined to develop
+                                                which needs to be cleaned up
-                        </span><strong><span>a new type of PE
+                                                by the staffs for many times on a daily basis. </span></p>
-                                        degradation method</span></strong><span> that can effectively
+                                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/f/fd/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--3.jpeg"
-                                accelerate the break down of PE.
+                                                alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--3" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
-                        </span></p>
+                                <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 3 The person who took the
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/c/cb/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--7.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--7" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
+                                                        packages.</span></strong></p>
-                <p class="imgdescribe"><span>Fig. 7: Lively discussion among members</span></p>
+                                <p><span>The data and records provided by the staff during this interview revealed to us
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/4/4c/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--8.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--8" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
+                                                the shocking volume
-                <p class="imgdescribe"><span>Fig. 8: Discussing project</span></p>
+                                                of express delivery industry, and the accompanying packaging waste,
-                <p><span>Meanwhile, since we were trying to Fig. out a new solution on plastic waste
+                                                which strongly proved the
-                                treatment, it is also
+                                                urgency of this issue. This prompted us to conduct a more veritable
-                                of vital importance to know about the current plastic disposal
+                                                research outside the campus to
-                                situations to help us precisely
+                                                acquire a more comprehensive and realistic understanding, as well as to
-                                modify our project. Therefore, eager to have a more in-depth
+                                                determine the specific but
-                                understanding of the city&#39;s waste
+                                                crucial problem we should tackle. Therefore, the next stop we visited
-                                plastic treatment system, we made a trip to the garbage disposal transit
+                                                were several
-                                station in Jiangning
+                                        </span><strong><span>residential areas</span></strong><span> in Nanjing. Similar
-                                High-tech District for on-site investigation. </span></p>
+                                                to the situation in our
-                <h3 id='chapter-2-garbage-transit-station'><span>CHAPTER 2. GARBAGE TRANSIT
+                                                campus, we found that there were </span><strong><span>many discarded
-                                STATION</span></h3>
+                                                        plastic packaging in the
-                <p><span>This station is the centralized disposal point of household garbage produced in
+                                                        express depositories of the community</span></strong><span>.
-                                the district. The
+                                                After randomly interviewing some
-                                station staff told us that household waste from the communities will be
+                                                residents, we learned the following things:</span></p>
-                                concentrated in the
+                                <ol start=''>
-                                district-level garbage processing transit station, where the recyclable
+                                        <li>
-                                materials will be sorted out
+                                                <p><span>The development of online shopping in China has led to a boom
-                                for recycling; the kitchen waste will be sent to special processing
+                                                                in the express delivery
-                                device for resource reclamation,
+                                                                industry, which clearly benefits everyone. A community
-                                generating organic fertilizer as the final product; and other waste will
+                                                                resident who was signing for packages
-                                be directly loaded to the
+                                                                told us that everything she needed in daily life can be
-                                garbage transfer trucks for transportation to garbage incineration
+                                                                mostly bought online, thus saving
-                                plants or landfills.</span></p>
+                                                                her time of shopping in grocery stores and supermarkets
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/4/44/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--9.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--9" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
+                                                                for other meaningful purposes. The
-                <p class="imgdescribe"><span>Fig. 9: Interviewing the staff of the garbage transit station</span></p>
+                                                                storage racks full of parcels in the express
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/6/62/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--10.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--10" style="zoom:25%;" />
+                                                                depositories also illustrated the importance of
-                </p>
+                                                                express delivery in the lives of Chinese people.</span>
-                <p class="imgdescribe"><span>Fig. 10: The staff is disinfecting the garbage truck</span></p>
+                                                </p>
-                <p><span>As for our survey object, we learned from this trip that
+                                        </li>
-                        </span><strong><span>PE belongs to other
+                                        <li>
-                                        waste</span></strong><span>. Its disposal profile showed that
+                                                <p><span>Large numbers of packages can bring not only convenience, but
-                                part of </span><strong><span>it
+                                                                also waste. The staff at the
-                                        will be recycled and reused by professional companies, but the
+                                                                community express depository said that in order to
-                                        other portions that cannot be
+                                                                ensure the integrity and safety of goods
-                                        recycled will be uniformly transported to incineration plants or
+                                                                during their transportation, </span><strong><span>apart
-                                        landfills in the
+                                                                        from</span></strong><span> commonly
-                                        suburbs.</span></strong><span> </span></p>
+                                                                applied </span><strong><span>paper
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/7/74/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--11.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--11" style="zoom:25%;" />
+                                                                        boxes</span></strong><span> as a container of
-                </p>
+                                                                goods, the
-                <p class="imgdescribe"><span>Fig. 11: The flow of waste plastic</span></p>
+                                                                express companies also have to use
-                <p><span>Therefore, to close the loop of the journey of disposed plastic waste, we
+                                                        </span><strong><span>plastic packaging
-                                decided to conduct
+                                                                        materials</span></strong><span> such as adhesive
-                                further interview to plastic recycling enterprises, and to make visits
+                                                                tapes and inflatable damping bags to
-                                to garbage disposal
+                                                                seal the package and protect the goods. By the time
-                                plants.</span></p>
+                                                                these packages reached to consumers,
-                <h3 id='chapter-3-the-end-of-discarded-plastics'><span>CHAPTER 3. THE END OF DISCARDED
+                                                                unlike the recyclable paper boxes, these
-                                PLASTICS</span></h3>
+                                                        </span><strong><span>plastic packaging materials
-                <p><strong><span>Plastic recycling enterprise</span></strong><span>:</span></p>
+                                                                        would be thrown away
-                <p><span>Lanzhou Jintudi Plastic Product Co. Ltd</span></p>
+                                                                        instantly</span></strong><span> and turned into
-                <p><span>Lanzhou Jintudi Plastic Product Company Limited is a large entity enterprise
+                                                                garbage--this was a
-                                 which specializes in
+                                                                brand new fact that was </span><strong><span>extremely
-                                recycling waste plastic into new materials, such as agricultural
+                                                                        important</span></strong><span>. Some
-                                mulching film, for production and
+                                                                other residents who came to pick up the packages also
-                                transaction. We contacted the chief manager of this enterprise, Mrs.
+                                                                informed us about the inconvenience
-                                Sun, as well as her student,
+                                                                caused by overpacked plastics on their parcels.</span>
-                                Mr. Liu, through team DUT_China, to learn about the existing PE products
+                                                </p>
-                                and the recycling status of
+                                                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/4/4e/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--4.jpeg"
-                                PE.</span></p>
+                                                                alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--4" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/f/f2/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--12.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--12" style="zoom:25%;" />
+                                        </li>
-                </p>
+                                </ol>
-                <p class="imgdescribe"><span>Fig. 12: Contacting Mrs. Sun and Mr. Liu of Lanzhou Jintudi Plastic Product Co.
+                                <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 4 Talking with residents.</span></strong></p>
-                                Ltd with team
+                                <p><span>The situations and findings in the residential areas were similar to what
-                                DUT_China</span></p>
+                                                we&#39;ve discovered in
-                <ol start=''>
+                                                the campus. </span><strong><span>As a result</span></strong><span>, we
-                        <li>
+                                                realized that without an
-                                <p><span>Mrs. Sun introduced us to the technological process of plastic
+                                                appropriate treatment, these single-used plastic waste are bound to
-                                                recycling.</span></p>
+                                                cause serious consumption of
-                                 <p><span>She told us that China&#39;s plastic recycling market only
+                                                resources, as well as the environmental pollution.</span></p>
-                                                began to develop in recent
+                                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/5/5d/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--5.jpeg"
-                                                years. The existing technology is not particularly
+                                                alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--5" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
-                                                mature, thus the requirements on waste
+                                <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 5 A lot of plastic waste.</span></strong></p>
-                                                plastic as raw materials for recycle are relatively
+                                 <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/f/fb/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--6.jpeg"
-                                                high. However, the sources of waste
+                                                alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--6" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
-                                                plastics are complex, and they often mixed with
+                                <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 6 Garbage truck.</span></strong></p>
-                                                impurities such as fabrics, rubber, metals,
+                                 <p>&nbsp;</p>
-                                                and silts, making them difficult to be processed for
+                                 <p><strong><span>Feedback:</span></strong></p>
-                                                now. So the fact is, there are
+                                 <p><span>In light of the acquired findings from the two preliminary visits, we realized
-                                                currently not many types of plastic can be recycled and
+                                                 that
-                                                reused. The remaining portion can
+                                        </span><strong><span>the accumulation of plastic packaging waste had been a
-                                                only be landfilled or incinerated. There is no doubt
+                                                        problem that requires urgent
-                                                that the plastic recycling market has
+                                                        response and attention</span></strong><span>. Therefore, bearing
-                                                huge development potential in the future, but nowadays
+                                                the values of sustainable
-                                                the proportion of plastic that can be
+                                                development in mind, members of CPU_CHINA 2021 began to conduct
-                                                recycled is still small, which requires the joint
+                                                literature investigation and
-                                                efforts of academia and industry.</span>
+                                                discussions, in search of an potential innovative solution towards this
-                                 </p>
+                                                issue, with the hope that we
-                        </li>
+                                                can solve plastic pollution nowadays. During this process, we got to
-                        <li>
+                                                know that the main composition
-                                <p><span>With increasing emphasis on sustainable development by
+                                                of plastic packaging waste was </span><strong><span>polyethylene
-                                                government, numerous enterprises
+                                                        (PE)</span></strong><span>, a type
-                                                have begun to develop degradable plastics. However, they
+                                                of widely used polymer material mainly consisting of carbon and
-                                                encountered many difficulties, such
+                                                hydrogen, making it
-                                                as high cost, long degradation time, incomplete
+                                         </span><strong><span>difficult to be degraded</span></strong><span> under
-                                                degradation and so on. There is still a long
+                                                natural conditions. Thus, we
-                                                way to go for biodegradable plastics to be used on a
+                                                became determined to develop </span><strong><span>a new type of PE
-                                                real scale.</span></p>
+                                                        degradation
-                        </li>
+                                                        method</span></strong><span> that can effectively accelerate the
-                        <li>
+                                                break down of PE. </span></p>
-                                 <p><span>During the communication, we learnt that there were strict
+                                 <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/c/cb/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--7.jpeg"
-                                                 regulations on the degradation
+                                                alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--7" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
-                                                assessment of plastics. Mrs. Sun reminded us that we
+                                <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 7 Lively discussion among
-                                                must pay attention to national
+                                                        members.</span></strong></p>
-                                                standards when verifying the plastic degradation
+                                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/4/4c/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--8.jpeg"
-                                                efficiency of our system.</span></p>
+                                                alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--8" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
-                        </li>
+                                <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 8 Discussing project.</span></strong></p>
-                        <li>
+                                <p><span>Meanwhile, since we were trying to figure out a new solution on plastic waste
-                                <p><span>Mrs. Sun highly recognized the practical significance of our
+                                                treatment, it is also
-                                                project. She also generously
+                                                of vital importance to </span><strong><span>know about the current
-                                                offered to provide relevant technical support for our
+                                                        plastic disposal
-                                                subsequent research.</span></p>
+                                                        situations</span></strong><span> to help us precisely modify our
-                        </li>
+                                                project. Therefore, eager to
-                </ol>
+                                                have a more in-depth understanding of the city&#39;s waste plastic
-                <p><span>We learned from the interview that plastic recycling market only began to
+                                                 treatment system, we made a trip
-                                develop in recent years,
+                                                 to the garbage disposal transit station in Jiangning High-tech District
-                                and the relevant technologies of recycling cannot be applied well due to
+                                                 for on-site investigation.
-                                many practical problems. In
-                                addition, there is still way to go for biodegradable plastics to be used
-                                on a much larger scale for
-                                replacing traditional plastic products. The status of two fields in
-                                plastic industry both have their
-                                own advantages and disadvantages, which gives us some thoughts that we
-                                should use a dialectical
-                                thinking to evaluate our project in order to improve it. </span></p>
-                <p><span>At the same time, we must </span><strong><span>pay attention to national
-                                        standards</span></strong><span> when verifying the plastic
-                                degradation efficiency of our system.
-                                In response to the advice provided by Mrs. Sun, we made adjustments on
-                                our experimental design
-                                regarding the evaluation of plastic degradation by
-                        </span><strong><span>adding multiple means of
-                                        instrumental analysis approach to evaluate the degradation of PE
-                                        more
-                                        comprehensively</span></strong><span>.</span></p>
-                <p>&nbsp;</p>
-                <p><strong><span>Plastic disposal plant</span></strong><span>:</span></p>
-                <p><span>Our last stop is the garbage treatment plant located in Jiaozishan. The
-                                unrecyclable PE, together
-                                with other urban garbage, were collected by the garbage disposal transit
-                                stations in all districts
-                                and counties and were transported to here, waiting for their final
-                                destinies.</span></p>
-                <p><span>With the increase of the urban population and the improvement of people&#39;s
-                                living standards, the
-                                output of municipal solid waste is also increasing. According to
-                                statistics,
-                        </span><strong><span>two-thirds of China&#39;s 668 cities are surrounded by
-                                        garbage</span></strong><span>. The total land area of garbage
-                                storage in the country has reached
-                        </span><strong><span>500 square kilometers</span></strong><span>, and
-                        </span><strong><span>one-quarter
-                                        of the cities</span></strong><span> have developed to a stage
-                                where no suitable land is
-                                available for storage. China&#39;s municipal waste is growing at an
-                                annual rate of 8% to 10%,
-                                reaching 340 million tons by 2020.</span></p>
-                <p><span>In the aerial photos on the Internet, the three urban garbage mountains just
-                                like three scars of
-                                Nanjing. Their impact on the natural environment may take hundreds of
-                                years to resolve.</span></p>
-                <p><span>Video 1: Three urban garbage mountains</span></p>
-                <p><span>The unrecyclable PE waste is transported to the landfill for sanitary burial.
-                                Such a treatment
-                                method makes the degradation of municipal solid waste very slow, not to
-                                mention the strategy of
-                                accelerating their degradation is relatively scarce. Thus, these
-                                accumulated waste will inevitably
-                                lead to a huge impact on the environment for a long time.</span></p>
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/4/42/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--13.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--13" style="zoom:25%;" />
-                </p>
-                <p class="imgdescribe"><span>Fig. 13: Interviewing the staff of the plastic disposal plant</span></p>
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/6/6c/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--14.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--14" style="zoom:25%;" />
-                </p>
-                <p class="imgdescribe"><span>Fig. 14: Watching the scale video of the landfill site together with the
-                                staff</span></p>
-                <p><span>The technicians managing the landfill told us that the natural degradation
-                                process of municipal
-                                waste may be accompanied by occurrence of multiple physical, chemical
-                                and biological reactions in
-                                reality. During this process, </span><strong><span>microorganisms may
-                                        play a leading role in
-                                        biodegradation of the waste</span></strong><span>. Therefore, we
-                                suggest that
-                        </span><strong><span>applying</span></strong><span>
-                        </span><strong><span>biological
-                                        factors</span></strong><span> to accelerate the disappearance of
-                                plastics in landfills should
-                                alleviate the serious white pollution.</span></p>
-                <h3 id='summary'><span>SUMMARY</span></h3>
-                <p><span>We shared the collected information with other members of the team. By
-                                integrating results of
-                                preliminary literature investigations and field researches feedback, a
-                                consensus was established in
-                                the whole team that </span><strong><span>microbes and their associate
-                                        enzymes can play an important
-                                        role in promoting degradation of many types of pollutants,
-                                         including plastic
-                                        wastes</span></strong><span>. So our team further skimmed
-                                through a lot of extra literatures and
-                                databases hoping to discover agents that have the potential to degrade
-                                PE. After putting up
-                                extensive efforts, we discovered </span><strong><span>manganese
-                                        peroxidase</span></strong><span>
-                                (MnP), a lignin peroxidase derived from the white-rot fungus
-                        </span><em><span>Phanerochaete
-                                        chrysosporium</span></em><span>. It has been reported in
-                                literature that MnP secreted by the
-                                fungus still has a significant degradation efficiency when applied on
-                                the PE film alone. Therefore,
-                                we decided to </span><strong><span>focus on this very enzyme and
-                                        eventually designed a polyethylene
-                                        degradation system based on three functional proteins, including
-                                        MnP, and two connect
-                                        systems.</span></strong><span> </span></p>
-                <p><span>(To learn more about our project design, see
-                        </span><em><strong><span>Design</span></strong></em><span> page).</span></p>
-                <p><span>At the same time, we have </span><strong><span>clarified our product
-                                        positioning</span></strong><span>. Our product, the polyethylene
-                                degradist (PEDe), can not only
-                                solve the pollution of the existing enormous amount of discarded PE
-                                waste towards the soil and
-                                water, but also improve the resource utilization rate so that the
-                                existing landfills can maximize
-                                their effectiveness. Therefore, our project can provide a positive
-                                influence for the environment.
-                                CPU_CHINA hopes that our efforts can help the world to recover from the
-                                burden of white
-                                pollutions.</span></p>
-        </div>
-        <div class="section" id="section3">
-                <h2 id='made-our-voice-be-heard'><span>MADE OUR VOICE BE HEARD</span></h2>
-                <p><span>Listening to the world allows us to establish the themes, design and
-                                 application ideas of our
-                                project. Afterwards, we continued to send out evaluation invitations to
-                                stakeholders, government
-                                agencies, etc., trying to get meaningful feedback from them to benefit
-                                the entire project and make
-                                our voice be heard by the world.</span></p>
-                <h3 id='industry-exhibition--market-development-forum'><span>INDUSTRY EXHIBITION &amp;
-                                MARKET DEVELOPMENT
-                                FORUM</span></h3>
-                <p><span>In order to further </span><strong><span>explore the market system and
-                                        determine the business model
-                                        of our product</span></strong><span>, CPU_CHINA participated in
-                                the </span><em><span>2021 China
-                                        (Nanjing) Plastics Industry Exhibition &amp; Biodegradable
-                                        Plastics Chemical Technology and
-                                        Market Development Forum</span></em><span> held in Nanjing
-                                International Exhibition Center on
-                                June 17, 2021. On this exhibition, we interviewed stakeholders from
-                                Wujiang Green Forest Resources
-                                Recycling Company Limited and SANER International.</span></p>
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/c/cc/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--15.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--15" style="zoom:25%;" />
-                </p>
-                <p class="imgdescribe"><span>Fig. 15: Industry Exhibition &amp; Market Development Forum visit card</span>
-                </p>
-                <p><strong><span>Wujiang Green Forest Resources Recycling Company
-                                        Limited</span></strong></p>
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/c/cc/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--16.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--16" style="zoom:25%;" />
-                </p>
-                <p class="imgdescribe"><span>Fig. 16: Taking photo with Mrs. Lin</span></p>
-                <p><span>Interviewee: Mrs. Lin, General Manager.</span></p>
-                <p><span>Enterprise attributes: Recycle and utilization of renewable resources</span>
-                </p>
-                <p><span>Interview content: </span></p>
-                <ol start=''>
-                        <li><span>A Brief introduction of the main business of the enterprise.</span>
-                        </li>
-                </ol>
-                <p><span>The enterprise recycles scraps, defective products generated in the factory and
-                                daily necessities
-                                (cosmetics, toiletries). They set up sorting points and deep-processing
-                                plants in China and Japan to
-                                classify and recycle the collected plastic waste. With the help of
-                                physical, chemical and other
-                                kinds of methods, plastic waste is transformed into new plastic
-                                particles.</span></p>
-                <ol start='2'>
-                        <li><span>The source of plastic waste.</span></li>
-                </ol>
-                <p><span>Most of the recycled plastic waste comes from China. The current recycling
-                                situation is relatively
-                                good. The recyclable plastic waste will be purchased directly from
-                                plastic manufactories or
-                                companies. Compared with recycling from the garbage disposal station, it
-                                is more efficient and more
-                                professional. A part of the domestic waste collected by the recycling
-                                station can also be used, but
-                                specific evaluation and classification are required.</span></p>
-                <ol start='3'>
-                        <li><span>The prospects of the plastics market.</span></li>
-                </ol>
-                <p><span>According to the current orientation of policies in China, and the development
-                                trend of global
-                                environmental protection, the future plastics market will definitely
-                                develop towards the direction
-                                of degradability and recycling. Degradable plastics can solve the
-                                problem of plastic pollution from
-                                the source, while plastic recycling uses different technologies to make
-                                recycled discarded plastics
-                                into plastic particles for reuse, which can create greater economic
-                                value. But there is still a long
-                                way to go for the ideal future.</span></p>
-                <ol start='4'>
-                        <li><span>Advice on our project of plastic degradation.</span></li>
-                </ol>
-                <p><span>Mr. Lin expressed appreciation on our ideas, but he also pointed out that we
-                                must pay attention to
-                                practical issues, such as cost and budgets, as well as the project&#39;s
-                                possibility to be applied
-                                to reality, etc. He reminded us that the transformation of technology
-                                into products is a difficult
-                                process, thus we should contact various stakeholders for suggestions,
-                                and analyze the economic
-                                effects that can be created by our products.</span></p>
-                <p>&nbsp;</p>
-                <p><strong><span>SANER International</span></strong></p>
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/8/84/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--17.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--17" style="zoom:25%;" />
-                </p>
-                <p class="imgdescribe"><span>Fig. 17: Taking photo with manager Shen</span></p>
-                <p><span>Interviewee: Manager Shen</span></p>
-                <p><span>Enterprise attributes: Recycling and reusing of plastic</span></p>
-                <p><span>Interview content: </span></p>
-                <ol start=''>
-                        <li><span>Main business of the enterprise.</span></li>
-                </ol>
-                <p><span>The main business of the company is to recycle waste plastic and use them to
-                                produce new plastic
-                                products through crushing, washing, and pelletizing. But unlike other
-                                companies, the main raw
-                                materials of this company are plastics in household waste.</span></p>
-                <ol start='2'>
-                        <li><span>The main source of raw materials.</span></li>
-                </ol>
-                <p><span>Most of them come from Europe, America, Japan and other regions. Only a small
-                                amount of them comes
-                                from China. Because the foreign waste classification system is more
-                                mature and the plastic recycling
-                                market is also more developed, the recycling work is easier. China&#39;s
-                                garbage classification
-                                started later and there are still many areas that need to be
-                                improved.</span></p>
-                <p>&nbsp;</p>
-                <p><strong><span>Summary</span></strong></p>
-                <ol start=''>
-                        <li>
-                                <p><span>Through communication with stakeholders, based on their
-                                                 feedback, we learned that besides
-                                                 technology itself, we also need to pay attention to the
-                                                 process of transforming technology
-                                                into products and assess the economic benefits of
-                                                products. Therefore, after that, we
-                                        </span><strong><span>made a business plan for
-                                                        PEDe</span></strong><span> to analyze the market
-                                                or competition and formulate marketing strategies.
                                          </span></p>
-                                 <p><em><strong><span>For details, please see(“ENTREPRENEURSHIP”
+                                 <p>&nbsp;</p>
-                                                                link)</span></strong></em></p>
+                                <h3 id='chapter-2-garbage-transit-station'><span>CHAPTER 2. GARBAGE TRANSIT
-                        </li>
+                                                STATION</span></h3>
-                        <li>
+                                 <p><span>This station is the centralized disposal point of household waste produced in
-                                 <p><span>We were reminded that the domestic waste classification is not
+                                                 the district. The
-                                                 yet mature enough, as it is
+                                                 station staff told us that household waste from the communities will be
-                                                 the reason why the raw materials for plastic recycling
+                                                concentrated in the
-                                                 come from foreign regions. Therefore,
+                                                district-level garbage processing transit station, where the recyclable
-                                                 we decided to </span><strong><span>use the iGEM platform
+                                                materials will be sorted out
-                                                        to promote the importance of waste
+                                                for recycling; the kitchen waste will be sent to special processing
-                                                        sorting to the masses, hoping to raise public
+                                                 device for resource reclamation,
-                                                        awareness of waste
+                                                 generating organic fertilizer as the final product; and other waste will
-                                                        sorting.</span></strong><span> Based on this, we
+                                                be directly loaded to the
-                                                 have opened a waste sorting publicity
+                                                 garbage transfer trucks for transportation to garbage incineration
-                                                 activity. </span></p>
+                                                 plants or landfills.</span></p>
-                                 <p><em><strong><span>For details, please see (“EDUCATION”
+                                 <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/4/44/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--9.jpeg"
-                                                                link)</span></strong></em></p>
+                                                alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--9" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
-                        </li>
+                                <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 9 Interviewing the staff of the garbage
-                </ol>
+                                                        transit station.</span></strong></p>
-                <p>&nbsp;</p>
+                                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/6/62/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--10.jpeg"
-                <h3 id='environmental-protection-online'><span>ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ONLINE</span>
+                                                alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--10" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
-                </h3>
+                                <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 10 The staff is disinfecting the garbage
-                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/e/e0/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--18.jpeg" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--18" style="zoom:25%;" />
+                                                        truck.</span></strong></p>
-                </p>
+                                <p><span>As for our survey object, we learned from this trip that
-                <p><span>(Fig. 18: Taking photo with manager Wang)</span></p>
+                                        </span><strong><span>PE belongs to other
-                <p><span>Interviewee: Manager Wang</span></p>
+                                                        waste</span></strong><span>. Its disposal profile showed that
-                <p><span>Enterprise attributes: &quot;Internet Plus&quot; service platform for
+                                        </span><strong><span>part of it
-                                environmental protection
+                                                        will be recycled and reused by professional companies, but the
-                                industry</span></p>
+                                                        other portions that cannot be
-                <p><span>Interview content: </span></p>
+                                                        recycled will be uniformly transported to incineration plants or
-                <ol start=''>
+                                                        landfills in the
-                        <li><span>Main business of the enterprise.</span></li>
+                                                        suburbs.</span></strong><span> </span></p>
-                </ol>
+                                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/7/74/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--11.jpeg"
-                <p><span>The main purpose of this enterprise is to build an information exchange
+                                                alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--11" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
-                                platform for green
+                                <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 11 The transportation flow of waste
-                                companies, such as degradable plastic production companies and plastic
+                                                        plastic.</span></strong></p>
-                                recycling companies, to
+                                <p><span>Therefore, </span><strong><span>to close the loop of the journey of disposed
-                                display their marketing and purchasing information. Also, the platform
+                                                        plastic
-                                promotes environmental
+                                                        waste</span></strong><span>, we decided to conduct further
-                                protection technologies, as well as pollution control methods on a daily
+                                                interview to plastic recycling
-                                basis. There are websites
+                                                enterprises, and to make visits to garbage disposal plants.</span></p>
-                                and apps ready for use.</span></p>
+                                <h3 id='chapter-3-the-end-of-discarded-plastics'><span>CHAPTER 3. THE END OF DISCARDED
-                <ol start='2'>
+                                                PLASTICS</span></h3>
-                        <li><span>Advice on our project of plastic degradation.</span></li>
+                                <p><strong><span>Plastic recycling enterprise</span></strong><span>:</span></p>
-                </ol>
+                                <p><span>Lanzhou Jintudi Plastic Product Co. Ltd</span></p>
-                <p><span>There are many companies in this area that they have cooperated with. From an
+                                <p><span>Lanzhou Jintudi Plastic Product Company Limited is a large entity enterprise
-                                academic point of
+                                                which specializes in
-                                view, our idea and technology are with high value and significance,
+                                                recycling waste plastic into new materials, such as agricultural
-                                which is awesome and worth of
+                                                mulching film, for production and
-                                praise. When these technologies become more mature, Environmental
+                                                 transaction. We contacted the chief manager of this enterprise, Ms.
-                                Protection Online is willing to
+                                                Sun, through team DUT_China, to
-                                cooperate with CPU_CHINA to further promote our products and
+                                                learn about the existing PE products and the recycling status of
-                                concepts.</span></p>
+                                                PE.</span></p>
-                <ol start='3'>
+                                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/f/f2/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--12.jpeg"
-                        <li><span>Suggestions for the promotion of the CPU_CHINA project</span></li>
+                                                alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--12" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
-                </ol>
+                                <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 12 We met Ms. Sun and her student, Mr. Liu of
-                <p><span>Nowadays, young people are becoming more accustomed to receiving information
+                                                        Lanzhou Jintudi Plastic Product Co. Ltd
-                                from the Internet,
+                                                        with team DUT_China.</span></strong></p>
-                                without the rapid development of online social media not could be true.
+                                 <ol start=''>
-                                Therefore, CPU_CHINA can
+                                        <li>
-                                make use of Weibo, Bilibili, YouTube and other online platforms to
+                                                <p><span>Ms. Sun introduced us to the technological process of plastic
-                                expand influence when promoting
+                                                                recycling.</span></p>
-                                our project. In addition, we can implement some more interesting ways to
+                                                <p><span>She told us that China&#39;s plastic recycling market only
-                                attract public
+                                                                began to develop in recent
-                                attentions.</span></p>
+                                                                years. The existing technology is not particularly
-                <p>&nbsp;</p>
+                                                                mature, thus the requirements on waste
-                <p><span>Conclusion:</span></p>
+                                                                plastic as raw materials for recycle are relatively
-                <p><span>Members of human practices gained a lot from this conversation. Based on the
+                                                                high. However, the sources of waste
-                                inspiration we
+                                                                plastics are complex, and they often mixed with
-                                acquired, </span><strong><span>CPU_CHINA set up official accounts on
+                                                                impurities such as fabrics, rubber, metals,
-                                        major social platforms, planned
+                                                                and silts, making them difficult to be processed for
-                                        an art exhibition named Meddy: Relight My Star and produced
+                                                                now. So the fact is, there are
-                                        comic strips.</span></strong><span>
+                                                                currently not many types of plastic can be recycled and
-                                All of these have won the favor of the public and provided great help
+                                                                reused. The remaining portion can
-                                for the promotion of our
+                                                                only be landfilled or incinerated. There is no doubt
-                                project.</span></p>
+                                                                that the plastic recycling market has
-                <p><em><strong><span>For details, please see (“EDUCATION” and &quot;MEDDY&quot;
+                                                                huge development potential in the future, but nowadays
-                                                 link)</span></strong></em>
+                                                                the proportion of plastic that can be
-                </p>
+                                                                recycled is still small, which requires the joint
-                <p>&nbsp;</p>
+                                                                efforts of academia and industry to
-                <h3 id='ecology-environment-bureau-of-nanjing'><span>ECOLOGY ENVIRONMENT BUREAU OF
+                                                                improve this situation.</span></p>
-                                NANJING</span></h3>
+                                        </li>
-                <p><span>After determining the project positioning and related technologies, we
+                                        <li>
-                                contacted the staff of
+                                                <p><span>With increasing emphasis on sustainable development by
-                                Ecology Environment Bureau of Nanjing by phone and consulted their
+                                                                government, numerous enterprises
-                                opinions on our project. </span>
+                                                                have begun to develop degradable plastic pipelines.
-                </p>
+                                                                However, they encountered many realistic
-                <p><span>The Ecology Environment Bureau is a functional organization of the local
+                                                                factors, such as high cost of material, rigorous
-                                 government in charge of
+                                                                degradation condition, incomplete
-                                environmental protection. </span></p>
+                                                                degradation and so on. There is still a long way to go
-                <p><span>(Pic 19)</span></p>
+                                                                for biodegradable plastics to be used
-                <p><u><span>(</span><em><span>The marketization of public services does not mean the
+                                                                on a much wider scale.</span></p>
-                                                transfer of government
+                                        </li>
-                                                &#39;s responsibility. So the Ecology Environment Bureau
+                                         <li>
-                                                is still responsible for
+                                                <p><span>As a result, our aim of trying to tackle the issue of
-                                                supervision and
+                                                                unrecyclable PE plastic pollution was
-                                                management.</span></em><span>)</span></u></p>
+                                                                highly recognized by Ms. Sun. She affirmed the
-                <p><span>After inquiring relevant laws and regulations, we found that the government has
+                                                                practical significance of our project, but
-                                paid great
+                                                                she also pointed out for us that if we want to evaluate
-                                attention to the phenomenon of excessive packaging in the express
+                                                                the plastic-degrading efficacy of
-                                industry and has issued
+                                                                our system, we must pay attention to the additives in
-                                regulations to restrict it. The Ecology Environment Bureau of Nanjing
+                                                                the selected plastic samples for the
-                                expressed support for our
+                                                                reason that they might affect the experimental outcome.
-                                project and advised us to </span><strong><span>focus on the practical
+                                                                Also, she suggested that as we
-                                         meaning of this
+                                                                carried on designing and modifying our project, there
-                                        project</span></strong><span>. The staff suggested that we try
+                                                                are many governmental regulations and
-                                to advertise the project for
+                                                                national standards about plastic degradation evaluation
-                                investment through various ways, and transform the project into products
+                                                                that would benefit our design, and
-                                when the technology is
+                                                                we should look them up carefully.</span></p>
-                                mature. At the same time, we should determine the product orientation
+                                        </li>
-                                for subsequent promotion. They
+                                </ol>
-                                also reminded us to focus on risk assessment and control as the project
+                                <p><strong><span>Feedback</span></strong><span>: </span></p>
-                                proceed.</span></p>
+                                <p><span>We learned from the interview that due to various realistic factors, both the
-        </div>
+                                                plastic recycling
-        <div class="section" id="section4">
+                                                industry and the bio-degradable plastic production industry have their
-                <h2 id='practise-in-reality'><span>PRACTISE IN REALITY</span></h2>
+                                                own advantages to occupy a
-                <h3 id='end-user'><span>END USER</span></h3>
+                                                portion of market share, and their disadvantages that limit the market
-                <p><span>The main end users of our product are garbage disposal plants and government
+                                                share from expanding. This
-                                environmental
+                                                phenomenon enlightened us that we should also evaluate the advantages
-                                protection departments, supplemented by non-profit organizations,
+                                                and disadvantages of our
-                                ecological restoration companies,
+                                                project that would define our share of market, in order to determine the
-                                and biotechnology companies.</span></p>
+                                                implementation of our
-                <h3 id='how-to-use'><span>HOW TO USE</span></h3>
+                                                product. As a result, we hoped to seek more guidance and comments on our
-                <p><span>Our entire system can be distributed to users in the form of protein/nucleic
+                                                project from practitioners
-                                acid freeze-dried
+                                                in the plastic industry, which prompted us to attend relative industry
-                                powder. A set of product includes four types of protein freeze-dried
+                                                exhibition or market
-                                powders and four types of
+                                                development forum, where we would have the chance to meet more
-                                nucleic acid freeze-dried powders. After receiving the product, the user
+                                                stakeholders for feedback.</span></p>
-                                only needs to re-dissolve
+                                <p><span>At the same time, we must </span><strong><span>pay attention to national
-                                the powder into designated solutions, and assemble the entire
+                                                        standards</span></strong><span> when verifying the plastic
-                                degradation system in a few simple
+                                                degradation efficiency of our system.
-                                steps as instructed. Subsequently, the assembled system can be directly
+                                                In response to the advice provided by Ms. Sun, we made adjustments on
-                                applied to the surface of
+                                                our experimental design
-                                PE. By adding the required substrate solution, the degradation reactions
+                                                regarding the selection of plastic samples and the evaluation of plastic
-                                will be activated.</span>
+                                                degradation by
-                </p>
+                                        </span><strong><span>adding multiple means of instrumental analysis approach to
-                <h3 id='how-to-implement'><span>HOW TO IMPLEMENT</span></h3>
+                                                        evaluate the degradation
-                <p><span>Based on the novelty of our plastic degradation product, PEDe will start
+                                                        of PE more comprehensively</span></strong><span>.</span></p>
-                                promoting from a small
+                                <p>&nbsp;</p>
-                                scale. Taking the Jiaozishan Landfill, Tianjingwa Landfill, and Shuige
+                                <p><strong><span>Plastic disposal plant</span></strong><span>:</span></p>
-                                Landfill in Nanjing as
+                                <p><span>Our last stop is the garbage treatment plant located in Jiaozishan. The
-                                examples, the construction of the three landfills have played a vital
+                                                unrecyclable PE, together
-                                role in solving domestic
+                                                with other urban garbage, were collected by the garbage disposal transit
-                                garbage outlet and realizing harmless waste treatment for the city. We
+                                                stations in all districts
-                                planned to set the three
+                                                and counties and were transported to here, waiting for their final
-                                Nanjing municipal landfills as the starting point of our product, to
+                                                destinies.</span></p>
-                                explore the commercialization
+                                <p><span>With the increase of the urban population and the improvement of people&#39;s
-                                potential of PEDe. Through seeking cooperation with the government,
+                                                living standards, the
-                                biotechnology companies and
+                                                output of municipal solid waste is also increasing. According to
-                                non-profit organizations, a transaction can be concluded with the
+                                                statistics,
-                                landfill to degrade the collected
+                                         </span><strong><span>two-thirds of China&#39;s 668 cities are surrounded by
-                                PE plastic waste. And by gradually expanding the product market, we hope
+                                                        garbage</span></strong><span>. The total land area of garbage
-                                to realize a comprehensive
+                                                storage in the country has reached
-                                development in many provinces and cities across the country, and finally
+                                         </span><strong><span>500 square kilometers</span></strong><span>, and
-                                promote out product to the
+                                        </span><strong><span>one-quarter
-                                world.
+                                                        of the cities</span></strong><span> have developed to a stage
-                        </span><em><strong><span>(“Entrepreneurship”link)</span></strong></em></p>
+                                                where no suitable land is
-                <h3 id='future'><span>FUTURE</span></h3>
+                                                available for storage. China&#39;s municipal waste is growing at an
-                <p><strong><span>Comprehensive ecological restoration</span></strong></p>
+                                                annual rate of 8% to 10%,
-                <p><span>Based on the principle, the final product of this project has the potential of
+                                                reaching 340 million tons by 2020.</span></p>
-                                degrading polycyclic
+                                <p><span>As mentioned before, the unrecyclable PE waste is transported to the landfill
-                                aromatic hydrocarbons, azo dye and other organic pollutants in addition
+                                                for sanitary burial.
-                                to PE, which are also the
+                                                Such a treatment method makes the degradation of municipal solid waste
-                                causes of water and soil pollution. Therefore, PEDe can be used to
+                                                very slow, not to mention the
-                                explore more possibilities in the
+                                                strategy of accelerating their degradation is relatively scarce. Thus,
-                                field of ecological restoration beyond degrading PE, such as cooperating
+                                                these accumulated waste will
-                                with ecological restoration
+                                                inevitably lead to a huge impact on the environment for a long
-                                companies to help them complete the comprehensive management of the
+                                                time.</span></p>
-                                ecological environment.</span>
+                                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/4/42/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--13.jpeg"
-                </p>
+                                                alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--13" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
-                <p><em><span>&quot;Nowadays, the Chinese government pays more attention to the negative
+                                <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 13 Interviewing the staff of the plastic
-                                        impact on the
+                                                        disposal plant.</span></strong></p>
-                                        environment during the process of economic development, and
+                                 <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/6/6c/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--14.jpeg"
-                                        continues to increase its efforts in
-                                        environmental governance. The 19th National Congress of the
-                                        Communist Party of China clearly
-                                        stated that efforts should be made to solve environmental
-                                        problems, and the government has
-                                        issued relevant policies to promote water and soil conservation,
-                                        urban ecological restoration,
-                                        land management, river, lake and wetland protection, marine
-                                        ecological protection and other
-                                        fields. With the strong support of national policies and the
-                                        rapid growth of market demand, the
-                                        ecological restoration industry has developed rapidly and the
-                                        market scale has continued to
-                                        expand. From 2015 to 2019, the scale of fixed asset investment
-                                        in China&#39;s ecological
-                                        protection and environmental governance industry has gradually
-                                        increased, with an average annual
-                                        compound growth rate of 21.27%, and the market size is expected
-                                        to reach 956.3 billion yuan in
-. At the same time, traditional landscaping companies have
-                                         been seeking business
-                                        breakthroughs and transformations. Their business structure has
-                                        clearly shifted to the field of
-                                        ecological protection and restoration; enterprises in the
-                                        industry are gradually developing
-                                        towards comprehensive ecological restoration. The future of the
-                                         ecological restoration industry
-                                        has unlimited potential!&quot;</span></em></p>
-                <p><strong><span>Advantages of the connect system</span></strong></p>
-                <p><span>Although the function of the final product of this project focuses on using the
-                                synergy of
-                                functional proteins to accelerate the green degradation of PE plastic,
-                                the CRISPR/dCas9 anchoring
-                                system used to connect functional proteins has quite flexible modularity
-                                and programmability. That
-                                is, through the special sequence design of the double-stranded DNA, the
-                                spacing, number and
-                                arrangement of the binding sites of the dCas9: sgRNA complex on the
-                                chain can be customized.
-                                Combining with the SpyCatcher/SpyTag connection system, the anchor of an
-                                ordered assay of functional
-                                proteins can be achieved. </span></p>
-                <p><span> Studies have shown that using this system to connect enzymes on specific
-                                metabolic pathways in
-                                series can effectively accelerate the rate of conversion of the original
-                                substrate into the target
-                                product, and greatly increase the yield of the target product. That is
-                                to say, the design of the
-                                double connection system, combined with diversified functional proteins
-                                or enzymes, complexes with
-                                distinct function can be generated, enabling them to play a role in many
-                                known or potential fields,
-                                such as industrial production, basic scientific research, analysis and
-                                testing!</span></p>
-                <hr />
-        </div>
-        <div class="section" id="section5">
-                <h2 id='experts'><span>EXPERTS</span></h2>
-                <ol>
-                        <li>
-                                <p><span>“Increasing the concentration of linearized plasmid and freshly
-                                                preparing your competent
-                                                cell, these two methods may improve your high-voltage
-                                                electroporation.”</span></p>
-                                 <p><img src="10:38, 21 October 2021" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--20"
                                                  style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
-                                 <p><span>Two methods to improve electroporation</span></p>
+                                 <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 14 Watching the scale video of the landfill
-                                 <p><span>Yucheng Zhao</span></p>
+                                                        site together with the
-                                <p><span> </span></p>
+                                                        staff.</span></strong></p>
-                                <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>Background</span><span>*</span></strong></em><span>
+                                 <p><span>The technicians managing the landfill told us that the natural degradation
-                                        </span></p>
+                                                process of municipal
-                                 <p><span>We chose </span><strong><span>Pichia
+                                                waste is accompanied by occurrence of multiple physical, chemical and
-                                                         pastoris</span></strong><span> as our major
+                                                biological reactions in
-                                                 chassis
+                                                reality. During this process, </span><strong><span>microorganisms may
-                                                and planned to transfer vectors into
+                                                        play a leading role in
-                                         </span><strong><span>P.pastoris</span></strong><span>
+                                                        biodegradation of the waste</span></strong><span>. Therefore, we
-                                                 by electroporation. This was a vital step in our whole
+                                                suggest that
-                                                 project, which determined whether or
+                                        </span><strong><span>applying</span></strong><span>
-                                                 not
+                                        </span><strong><span>biological
-                                         </span><strong><span>P.pastoris</span></strong><span> could
+                                                        factors</span></strong><span> to accelerate the disappearance of
-                                                 express the proteins we hope
+                                                plastics in landfills should be
-                                                 to get. In order to polish our electroporation methods,
+                                                an ideal approach to alleviate the serious white pollution.</span></p>
-                                                 we turned to a professor in this
+                                <h3 id='summary'><span>SUMMARY</span></h3>
-                                                 field for advice.</span></p>
+                                 <p><span>We shared the collective information with other members of the team. By
-                                 <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>Why was this person
+                                        </span><strong><span>integrating results of preliminary literature
-                                                                contacted?</span><span>*</span></strong></em>
+                                                         investigations and feedback from
+                                                        field researches</span></strong><span>, a consensus was
+                                                 established in the whole team that
+                                         </span><strong><span>microbes and their associate enzymes can play an important
+                                                        role in promoting
+                                                        degradation of many types of pollutants, including plastic
+                                                        wastes</span></strong><span>. So our
+                                                 team further skimmed through a lot of extra literatures and databases
+                                                 hoping to discover agents that
+                                                have the potential to degrade PE. After putting up extensive efforts, we
+                                                 discovered
+                                         </span><strong><span>manganese peroxidase</span></strong><span> (MnP), a lignin
+                                                 peroxidase derived from
+                                                 the white-rot fungus </span><em><span>Phanerochaete
+                                                        chrysosporium</span></em><span>. It has been
+                                                 reported in literature that MnP secreted by the fungus still has a
+                                                significant degradation
+                                                efficiency when applied on the PE film alone. Therefore, we decided to
+                                        </span><strong><span>focus on
+                                                        this very enzyme and eventually designed a polyethylene
+                                                        degradation system based on three
+                                                        functional protein and two connect
+                                                        systems.</span></strong><span> We named it &quot;Polyethylene
+                                                 Degradist&quot;, or PEDe. </span></p>
+                                 <p><em><strong><span>For details, please see <a
+                                                                        href="https://2021.igem.org/Team:CPU_CHINA/Design">Design</a>.
+                                                        </span></strong></em></p>
+                                <p><span>At the same time, based on the design of our PE-degrading system, we have
+                                        </span><strong><span>clarified our brief product
+                                                        positioning</span></strong><span>. Our product, the
+                                                PEDe., can be used to solve the pollution of the existing enormous
+                                                amount
+                                                of discarded PE waste
+                                                towards the soil and water, as well as to improve the resource
+                                                utilization rate so that the existing
+                                                landfills can maximize their effectiveness. Therefore, our project can
+                                                provide a positive influence
+                                                for the environment. CPU_CHINA hopes that our efforts can help the world
+                                                to recover from the burden
+                                                of white pollutions.</span></p>
+                        </div>
+                        <div class="section" id="section3">
+                                <h2 id='made-our-voice-heard'><span>MADE OUR VOICE HEARD</span></h2>
+                                <p><span>As the theme and design of our PE-degrading system were settled, we proceeded
+                                                to transform concepts
+                                                into entities. During this process, stakeholders, practitioners and
+                                                experts were met, consulted or
+                                                interviewed in order to receive guidance that helped to determine market
+                                                positioning of our product,
+                                                raise public awareness of waste sorting, tackle problems of verifying
+                                                project feasibility, and most
+                                                importantly, answer the question of how would our product be implemented
+                                                in the real world.</span>
                                  </p>
-                                 <p><span>We expect some professional suggestions on the electroporation
+                                 <h3 id='experts'><span>EXPERTS</span></h3>
-                                                 of
+                                <p style="text-align:center;">click number for more details </p>
-                                         </span><strong><span>P.pastoris</span></strong><span>. Luckily,
+                                <div id="experts2">
-                                                 we got contact with Yucheng
+                                        <div id="expertButton">
-                                                 Zhao, an expert in China Pharmaceutical University, who
+                                                 <img :src="item.url" alt="" v-for="item in buttons"
-                                                 is major in synthetic biology and
+                                                        @click="change(item)">
-                                                 metabolic engineering.</span></p>
+                                         </div>
-                                 <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>What we have
+                                        <img :src="describe" alt="">
-                                                                learned?</span><span>*</span></strong></em>
+                                </div>
+                                <h3 id='industry-exhibition--market-development-forum'><span>INDUSTRY EXHIBITION &amp;
+                                                MARKET DEVELOPMENT
+                                                FORUM</span></h3>
+                                <p><span>In order to further </span><strong><span>explore the market system and
+                                                        determine the business model
+                                                        of our product</span></strong><span>, we participated in the
+                                        </span><em><span>2021 China
+                                                        (Nanjing) Plastics Industry Exhibition &amp; Biodegradable
+                                                        Plastics Chemical Technology and
+                                                        Market Development Forum</span></em><span> held in Nanjing
+                                                 International Exhibition Center on
+                                                 June 17, 2021. On this exhibition, we interviewed stakeholders from
+                                                 Wujiang Green Forest Resources
+                                                 Recycling Company Limited and SANER International.</span></p>
+                                 <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/c/cc/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--15.jpeg"
+                                                alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--15" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
+                                <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 15 Industry Exhibition &amp; Market
+                                                        Development Forum visit card.</span></strong></p>
+                                <p><strong><span>Wujiang Green Forest Resources Recycling Company
+                                                        Limited</span></strong></p>
+                                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/c/cc/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--16.jpeg"
+                                                alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--16" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
+                                <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 16 Taking photo with Ms. Lin.</span></strong>
                                  </p>
-                                 <p><span>Dr. Zhao provided us with better ways of electroporation. Among
+                                 <p><span>Interviewee: Ms. Lin, General Manager.</span></p>
-                                                those, he emphasized the
+                                <p><span>Enterprise attributes: Recycle and utilization of renewable resources</span>
-                                                importance of linearized plasmid concentration.
-                                                According to him, the higher concentration,
-                                                the better electroporation result would be. Besides, he
-                                                mentioned that we should freshly
-                                                prepare the competent cells. Finally, he assisted us
-                                                with the preparation and then we
-                                                gradually mastered this skill. Taken his advice, our
-                                                experiment went more smoothly.</span>
                                  </p>
+                                <p><span>Interview content: </span></p>
+                                <ol start=''>
+                                        <li><span>A Brief introduction of the main business of the enterprise.</span>
+                                        </li>
+                                </ol>
+                                <p><span>The enterprise recycles scraps, defective products generated in the factory and
+                                                daily necessities
+                                                (cosmetics, toiletries). They set up sorting points and deep-processing
+                                                plants in China and Japan to
+                                                classify and recycle the collected plastic waste. With the help of
+                                                physical, chemical and other
+                                                kinds of methods, plastic waste is transformed into new plastic
+                                                particles.</span></p>
+                                <ol start='2'>
+                                        <li><span>The source of plastic waste.</span></li>
+                                </ol>
+                                <p><span>Most of the recycled plastic waste comes from China. The current recycling
+                                                situation is relatively
+                                                good. The </span><strong><span>recyclable plastic waste will be
+                                                        purchased directly from plastic
+                                                        manufactories or companies.</span></strong><span> Compared with
+                                                recycling from the garbage
+                                                disposal station, it is more efficient and more professional. A part of
+                                                the domestic waste collected
+                                                by the recycling station can also be used, but specific evaluation and
+                                                classification are
+                                                required.</span></p>
+                                <ol start='3'>
+                                        <li><span>The prospects of the plastics market.</span></li>
+                                </ol>
+                                <p><span>According to the current orientation of policies in China, and the development
+                                                trend of global
+                                                environmental protection, the future plastics market will definitely
+                                                develop towards the direction
+                                                of degradability and recycling. Degradable plastics can solve the
+                                                problem of plastic pollution from
+                                                the source, while plastic recycling uses different technologies to make
+                                                recycled discarded plastics
+                                                into plastic particles for reuse, which can create greater economic
+                                                value. But there is still a long
+                                                way to go for the ideal future.</span></p>
+                                <ol start='4'>
+                                        <li><strong><span>Advice on our project of plastic degradation.</span></strong>
+                                        </li>
+                                </ol>
+                                <p><span>Mr. Lin expressed appreciation on our ideas, but he also pointed out that
+                                        </span><strong><span>we
+                                                        must pay attention to practical issues, such as cost and
+                                                        budgets, as well as the project&#39;s
+                                                        possibility to be applied to reality, etc.</span></strong><span>
+                                                He reminded us that the
+                                                transformation of technology into products is a difficult process, thus
+                                                we should
+                                        </span><strong><span>contact various stakeholders for
+                                                        suggestions</span></strong><span>, and
+                                        </span><strong><span>analyze the economic effects</span></strong><span> that can
+                                                be created by our
+                                                products.</span></p>
                                  <p>&nbsp;</p>
-                        </li>
+                                <p><strong><span>SANER International</span></strong></p>
-                </ol>
+                                 <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/8/84/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--17.jpeg"
-                <ol start='2'>
+                                                style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
-                        <li>
+                                 <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 17 Taking photo with Manager
-                                <p><span>“You should evaluate the plastic degradation from not only
+                                                        Shen.</span></strong></p>
-                                                qualitative but also
+                                 <p><span>Interviewee: Manager Shen</span></p>
-                                                quantitative perspectives.”</span></p>
+                                 <p><span>Enterprise attributes: Recycling and reusing of plastic</span></p>
-                                 <p><span> </span><img src="10:45, 21 October 2021"
+                                 <p><span>Interview content: </span></p>
-                                                referrerpolicy="no-referrer"
+                                 <ol start=''>
-                                                alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--21"></p>
+                                        <li><span>Main business of the enterprise.</span></li>
-                                 <p><span>Instruments of detecting degradation products of polyethylene
+                                 </ol>
-                                        </span></p>
+                                 <p><span>The main business of the company is to recycle waste plastic and use them to
-                                <p><span>Wenyuan Liu</span></p>
+                                                 produce new plastic
-                                 <p><span> </span></p>
+                                                 products through crushing, washing, and pelletizing. But unlike other
-                                 <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>Background</span><span>*</span></strong></em><span>
+                                                 companies, the main raw
-                                        </span></p>
+                                                 materials of this company are plastics in household waste.</span></p>
-                                 <p><span>Our project is about using enzyme complex to degrade plastic
+                                 <ol start='2'>
-                                                waste. Because of that, how to
+                                        <li><span>The main source of raw materials.</span></li>
-                                                measure the degree of plastic degradation is an urgent
+                                 </ol>
-                                                problem for us to solve.</span></p>
+                                 <p><span>Most of them come from Europe, America, Japan and other regions. Only a small
-                                 <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>Why was this person
+                                                 amount of them comes
-                                                                contacted?</span><span>*</span></strong></em>
+                                                 from China. Because the foreign waste classification system is more
-                                 </p>
+                                                 mature and the plastic recycling
-                                 <p><span>Dr. Liu, a professor from China Pharmaceutical University, is
+                                                 market is also more developed, the recycling work is easier.
-                                                 expert in Pharmaceutical and
+                                        </span><strong><span>China&#39;s
-                                                 instrumental analysis research. We hoped to get some
+                                                        garbage classification started later and there are still many
-                                                 advice on degradation detecting
+                                                        areas that need to be
-                                                instruments. So, we interviewed her on those
+                                                        improved.</span></strong></p>
-                                                 questions.</span></p>
-                                 <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>What we have
-                                                                learned?</span><span>*</span></strong></em>
-                                 </p>
-                                 <p><span>We learned from Dr. Liu that there were corresponding national
-                                                 standard documents
-                                                 containing methods for the analysis of polyethylene
-                                                 degradation, such as Fourier transform
-                                                infrared spectroscopy, high temperature gel permeation
-                                                chromatography and so forth.
-                                                Moreover, she suggested us to evaluate the plastic
-                                                 degradation from not only qualitative but
-                                                also quantitative perspectives. Therefore, we decided to
-                                                apply multiple instrumental methods
-                                                to better evaluate the degrading effect of our
-                                                system.</span></p>
                                  <p>&nbsp;</p>
-                        </li>
+                                <p><strong><span>Summary</span></strong></p>
-                </ol>
+                                <ol start=''>
-                <ol start='3'>
+                                        <li>
-                        <li>
+                                                <p><span>Through communication with stakeholders, based on their
-                                <p><span>“When choosing samples for trail, take their additives into
+                                                                feedback, we learned that besides
-                                                account.”</span></p>
+                                                                technology itself, we also need to
-                                <p><span>“It is usually measured by multi means to reflect the
+                                                        </span><strong><span>pay attention to the process of
-                                                 degradation degree.”</span></p>
+                                                                        transforming technology into
-                                <p><span>“Significant degradation of polyethylene material requires
+                                                                        products</span></strong><span> and
-                                                about 3 months, but microcosmic
+                                                        </span><strong><span>assess the economic benefits of
-                                                 changes also mean a lot.”</span></p>
+                                                                        products</span></strong><span>. Therefore,
-                                 <p><img src="10:41, 21 October 2021" alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--22"
+                                                                after that, we </span><strong><span>made a business plan
-                                                style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
+                                                                        for PEDe.</span></strong><span> to
-                                 <p><span>Commented on our projects, provided detailed feedback on
+                                                                analyze the market or competition and formulate
-                                                problems we occurred during
+                                                                marketing strategies. </span></p>
-                                                project development.</span></p>
+                                                 <p><em><strong><span>For details, please see <a
-                                 <p><span>Chaomin Sun, xx/xx/2021</span></p>
+                                                                                        href="https://2021.igem.org/Team:CPU_CHINA/Entrepreneurship">Entrepreneurship</a></span></strong></em>.
-                                 <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>Background</span><span>*</span></strong></em><span>
+                                                </p>
-                                        </span></p>
+                                        </li>
-                                 <p><span>While designing our project, we happened to know Prof. Sun,
+                                        <li>
-                                                 whose research provided us with
+                                                <p><span>We were reminded that the domestic waste classification is not
-                                                 much inspiration. We managed to interviewed him, and
+                                                                yet mature enough, as it is
-                                                 received precious advice on the whole
+                                                                the reason why the raw materials for plastic recycling
-                                                 process of our project.</span></p>
+                                                                come from foreign regions. Therefore,
-                                 <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>Why was this person
+                                                                we decided to </span><strong><span>use the iGEM platform
-                                                                contacted?</span><span>*</span></strong></em>
+                                                                        to promote the importance of waste
-                                 </p>
+                                                                        sorting to the masses, hoping to raise public
-                                 <p><span>Chaomin Sun is a professor from Institute of Oceanology,
+                                                                        awareness of waste
-                                                 Chinese Academy of Sciences.
+                                                                        sorting.</span></strong><span> Based on this, we
-                                                 During the early stage of our project, we got to know
+                                                                have opened a waste sorting publicity
-                                                 Prof. Sun by his latest paper
+                                                                activity. </span></p>
-                                        </span><strong><span>A marine bacterial community capable of
+                                                 <p><em><strong><span>For details, please see <a
-                                                        degrading poly(ethylene
+                                                                                        href="https://2021.igem.org/Team:CPU_CHINA/Communication">
-                                                        terephthalate) and
+                                                                                        Education</a></span></strong></em>.
-                                                        polyethylene</span></strong><span> on
+                                                </p>
-                                        </span><strong><span>Journal of
+                                        </li>
-                                                         Hazardous Materials</span></strong><span>. This
+                                </ol>
-                                                 paper is about enzymes derived from
+                                <p>&nbsp;</p>
-                                                bacteria which have the potential to degrade
+                                <h3 id='environmental-protection-online'><span>ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ONLINE</span>
-                                                polyethylene and this result served as a
+                                </h3>
-                                                 confirmation of our idea. Considering that, we were
+                                 <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/e/e0/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--18.jpeg"
-                                                 hoping to interview Prof. Sun about the
+                                                alt="T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--18" style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
-                                                possibility of microorganism or microorganism-derived
+                                 <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 18 Taking photo with Manager
-                                                protein in degrading polyethylene.
+                                                        Wang.</span></strong></p>
-                                                And, if possible, sought some guidance from him. So, we
+                                 <p><span>Interviewee: Manager Wang</span></p>
-                                                tried to contact Prof. Sun and his
+                                 <p><span>Enterprise attributes: &quot;Internet Plus&quot; service platform for
-                                                team members by e-mail.</span></p>
+                                                environmental protection
-                                 <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>What we have
+                                                industry</span></p>
-                                                                 learned?</span><span>*</span></strong></em>
+                                <p><span>Interview content: </span></p>
+                                <ol start=''>
+                                        <li><span>Main business of the enterprise.</span></li>
+                                </ol>
+                                 <p><span>The main purpose of this enterprise is to build an information exchange
+                                                platform for green
+                                                companies, such as degradable plastic production companies and plastic
+                                                 recycling companies, to
+                                                 display their marketing and purchasing information. Also, the platform
+                                                 promotes environmental
+                                                protection technologies, as well as pollution control methods on a daily
+                                                 basis. There are websites
+                                                and apps ready for use.</span></p>
+                                 <ol start='2'>
+                                        <li><span>Advice on our project of plastic degradation.</span></li>
+                                </ol>
+                                <p><span>There are many companies in this area that they have cooperated with. From an
+                                                academic point of
+                                                view, our idea and technology are with high value and significance,
+                                                which is awesome and worth of
+                                                praise. When these technologies become more mature, Environmental
+                                                Protection Online is willing to
+                                                cooperate with CPU_CHINA to further promote our products and
+                                                concepts.</span></p>
+                                <ol start='3'>
+                                        <li><span>Suggestions for the promotion of the CPU_CHINA project</span></li>
+                                 </ol>
+                                 <p><span>Nowadays, young people are becoming more accustomed to receiving information
+                                                from the Internet,
+                                                 without the rapid development of online social media not could be true.
+                                                 Therefore, CPU_CHINA can
+                                                make use of Weibo, Bilibili, YouTube and other online platforms to
+                                                expand influence when promoting
+                                                our project. In addition, we can implement some more interesting ways to
+                                                 attract public
+                                                attentions.</span></p>
+                                <p>&nbsp;</p>
+                                <p><strong><span>Summary:</span></strong></p>
+                                <p><span>Members of human practices gained a lot from this conversation. Based on the
+                                                inspiration we
+                                                acquired, </span><strong><span>CPU_CHINA set up official accounts on
+                                                         major social platforms, planned
+                                                        an art exhibition named Meddy: Relight My Star and produced
+                                                        comic strips.</span></strong><span>
+                                                 All of these have won the favor of the public and provided great help
+                                                 for the promotion of our
+                                                 project.</span></p>
+                                 <p><em><strong><span>For details, please see <a
+                                                                        href="https://2021.igem.org/Team:CPU_CHINA/Communication">Education</a>
+                                                                 and <a
+                                                                        href="https://2021.igem.org/Team:CPU_CHINA/MeddyRelightMyStar">
+                                                                        Meddy</a>
+                                                        </span></strong></em>.
                                  </p>
-                                <p><span>We obtained many insightful opinions and kind advice from Prof.
-                                                Sun. He pointed out that
-                                                although enzymes are with better specificity and higher
-                                                efficiency, they are generally less
-                                                robust and are tend to be inactivated under
-                                                non-physiological conditions. As a solution to
-                                                this issue, we firstly characterized the stability of
-                                                our key PE-degrading enzyme, MnP,
-                                                under different physiochemical environment, then we
-                                                applied semi-rational directed evolution
-                                                on it to obtain mutants that have better tolerance on
-                                                higher temperature, more acidic pH as
-                                                well as higher concentrations of organic solvents. Prof.
-                                                Sun also reminded us that we shall
-                                                choose PE samples without additives so that the
-                                                PE-degradation ability of our system would
-                                                not be affected by this factor. Therefore, we cut PE
-                                                flakes from PE gloves that are not only
-                                                deprived of additives, but also resemble PE packaging
-                                                applied in real world scenarios. Also,
-                                                Prof. Sun suggested us to apply multiple means to detect
-                                                PE degradation, as well as extend
-                                                the processing duration of our system on PE, so that to
-                                                increase the chance for us to
-                                                observe degradation effect. Therefore, we revised our
-                                                strategy of incubation to make sure
-                                                the activity of our degrading system remains
-                                                optimal.</span></p>
                                  <p>&nbsp;</p>
-                        </li>
+                                <h3 id='ecology-environment-bureau-of-nanjing'><span>ECOLOGY ENVIRONMENT BUREAU OF
-                </ol>
+                                                 NANJING</span></h3>
-                <ol start='4'>
+                                 <p><span>After determining the project positioning and related technologies, we
-                        <li>
+                                                 contacted the staff of
-                                <p><span>“Due to the relative inert properties of polyethylene, it is
+                                                 Ecology Environment Bureau of Nanjing by phone and consulted their
-                                                 better to apply physical
+                                                 opinions on our project. </span>
-                                                and/or chemical pretreatments on PE before the
-                                                bio-degrading strategy kicks in.”</span></p>
-                                 <p><span>Pretreatment of trail samples is necessary</span></p>
-                                <p><span>Bian Wu</span></p>
-                                <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>Background</span><span>*</span></strong></em><span>
-                                        </span></p>
-                                <p><span>During the final stage of our experiment, we constructed every
-                                                 part and incubated the
-                                                 complex with plastic samples. Before incubation, how to
-                                                 process the sample became a Gordian
-                                                knot. To solve this problem, we sought assistant from
-                                                Prof. Wu. </span></p>
-                                <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>Why was this person
-                                                                contacted?</span><span>*</span></strong></em>
                                  </p>
-                                 <p><span>Prof. Wu is from Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of
+                                 <p><span>The Ecology Environment Bureau is a functional organization of the local
-                                                 Sciences, who is working on
+                                                 government in charge of
-                                                 mining, mechanism-analyzing and engineering of
+                                                 environmental protection. </span></p>
-                                                 biocatalysis-related component. We turned to
+                                <p><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/7/7a/T--CPU_CHINA--IHP--19.jpg"
-                                                 him for help, hoping to receive some practical
+                                                style="zoom:25%;" /></p>
-                                                 advice.</span></p>
+                                <p class="imgdescribe"><strong><span>Fig. 19 Ecology Environment Bureau of
-                                 <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>What we have
+                                                        Nanjing.</span></strong></p>
-                                                                learned?</span><span>*</span></strong></em>
+                                <p><u><span>(</span><em><span>The marketization of public services does not mean the
+                                                                transfer of government
+                                                                &#39;s responsibility. So the Ecology Environment Bureau
+                                                                is still responsible for
+                                                                supervision and
+                                                                management.</span></em><span>)</span></u></p>
+                                <p><span>After inquiring relevant laws and regulations, we found that the government has
+                                                paid great
+                                                attention to the phenomenon of excessive packaging in the express
+                                                 industry and has issued
+                                                regulations to restrict it. The Ecology Environment Bureau of Nanjing
+                                                expressed support for our
+                                                project and advised us to </span><strong><span>focus on the practical
+                                                        meaning of this
+                                                        project</span></strong><span>. The staff suggested that we try
+                                                 to advertise the project for
+                                                investment through various ways, and transform the project into products
+                                                when the technology is
+                                                mature. At the same time, we should determine the product orientation
+                                                for subsequent promotion. They
+                                                also reminded us to focus on risk assessment and control as the project
+                                                 proceed.</span></p>
+                        </div>
+                        <div class="section" id="section4">
+                                 <h2 id='practise-in-reality'><span>PRACTISE IN REALITY</span></h2>
+                                <h3 id='end-user'><span>END USER</span></h3>
+                                <p><span>The main end users of our product are garbage disposal plants and government
+                                                environmental
+                                                protection departments, supplemented by non-profit organizations,
+                                                ecological restoration companies,
+                                                and biotechnology companies.</span></p>
+                                <h3 id='how-to-use'><span>HOW TO USE</span></h3>
+                                <p><span>Our entire system can be distributed to users in the form of protein/nucleic
+                                                acid freeze-dried
+                                                powder. A set of product includes four types of protein freeze-dried
+                                                powders and four types of
+                                                nucleic acid freeze-dried powders. After receiving the product, the user
+                                                only needs to re-dissolve
+                                                the powder into designated solutions, and assemble the entire
+                                                degradation system in a few simple
+                                                steps as instructed. Subsequently, the assembled system can be directly
+                                                applied to the surface of
+                                                PE. By adding the required substrate solution, the degradation reactions
+                                                will be activated.</span>
                                  </p>
-                                 <p><span>Prof. Wu affirmed our project design idea and told us that due
+                                <h3 id='how-to-implement'><span>HOW TO IMPLEMENT</span></h3>
-                                                 to the relative inert
+                                 <p><span>Based on the novelty of our plastic degradation product, PEDe. will start
-                                                 properties of polyethylene, it is better to apply
+                                                 promoting from a small
-                                                 physical and/or chemical pretreatments on
+                                                 scale. Taking the Jiaozishan Landfill, Tianjingwa Landfill, and Shuige
-                                                 PE before the bio-degrading strategy kicks in. In
+                                                 Landfill in Nanjing as
-                                                 respond to his advice, we searched for
+                                                 examples, the construction of the three landfills have played a vital
-                                                 articles about PE pretreatment and discovered
+                                                role in solving domestic
-                                                 UV-radiation and thermal pretreatments are two
+                                                garbage outlet and realizing harmless waste treatment for the city. We
-                                                 common approaches. We also noticed one specific article
+                                                 planned to set the three
-                                                 verified that adding Tween-80 in the
+                                                 Nanjing municipal landfills as the starting point of our product, to
-                                                 system showed an accelerated efficacy for MnP to degrade
+                                                 explore the commercialization
-                                                 PE. Therefore, we add Tween-80 into
+                                                 potential of PEDe.. Through seeking cooperation with the government,
-                                                 the PE-enzyme mixture to see whether it could enhance
+                                                biotechnology companies and
-                                                 the degradation effect of MnP.</span>
+                                                 non-profit organizations, a transaction can be concluded with the
+                                                 landfill to degrade the collected
+                                                 PE plastic waste. And by gradually expanding the product market, we hope
+                                                 to realize a comprehensive
+                                                 development in many provinces and cities across the country, and finally
+                                                promote out product to the
+                                                world.
+                                        </span><em><strong><span><a
+                                                                        href="https://2021.igem.org/Team:CPU_CHINA/Entrepreneurship">Entrepreneurship</a></span></strong></em>
                                  </p>
-                        </li>
+                                <h3 id='future'><span>FUTURE</span></h3>
-                </ol>
+                                 <p><strong><span>Comprehensive ecological restoration</span></strong></p>
-                <p><span> </span></p>
+                                 <p><span>Based on the principle, the final product of this project has the potential of
-                <ol start='5'>
+                                                 degrading polycyclic
-                        <li>
+                                                 aromatic hydrocarbons, azo dye and other organic pollutants in addition
-                                <p><span>“Using ion exchange column to purify your protein may be a
+                                                 to PE, which are also the
-                                                better choice.”</span></p>
+                                                 causes of water and soil pollution. Therefore, PEDe. can be used to
-                                 <p><span>Expression and purification about protein derived from
+                                                 explore more possibilities in the
-                                        </span><strong><span>P.pastoris</span></strong></p>
+                                                 field of ecological restoration beyond degrading PE, such as cooperating
-                                 <p><span>Xiaoqiong Pei, xx/xx/2021</span></p>
+                                                 with ecological restoration
-                                <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>Background</span><span>*</span></strong></em><span>
+                                                 companies to help them complete the comprehensive management of the
-                                        </span></p>
+                                                 ecological environment.</span>
-                                <p><strong><span>P.pastoris</span></strong><span> is the main producer
-                                                 for our protein. While
-                                                 breeding
-                                        </span><strong><span>P.pastoris</span></strong><span> and
-                                                 purifying the protein, we
-                                                 faced some problems. AAO, one of our enzymes, seemed to
-                                                 be blocked from smoothly secreting.
-                                                Immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography is the
-                                                 common method of protein purification.
-                                                However, when purifying the protein containing His-tag,
-                                                 we found that we can hardly harvest
-                                                 our target protein. Based on problems above, we
-                                                contacted Dr. Pei with the help of
-                                                 UESTC_China.</span></p>
-                                <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>Why was this person
-                                                                contacted?</span><span>*</span></strong></em>
                                  </p>
-                                 <p><span>Dr. Pei is from Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy
+                                 <p style="font-size: 0.8em;"><em><span>&quot;Nowadays, the Chinese government pays more
-                                                of Science, and is an expert
+                                                        attention to the negative
-                                                in
+                                                        impact on the
-                                        </span><strong><span>P.pastoris.</span></strong><span> We talked
+                                                        environment during the process of economic development, and
-                                                with her about our
+                                                        continues to increase its efforts in
-                                                problems and got valuable feedback.</span></p>
+                                                        environmental governance. The 19th National Congress of the
-                                <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>What we have
+                                                        Communist Party of China clearly
-                                                                learned?</span><span>*</span></strong></em>
+                                                        stated that efforts should be made to solve environmental
-                                </p>
+                                                        problems, and the government has
-                                <p><span>According to Dr. Pei,
+                                                        issued relevant policies to promote water and soil conservation,
-                                        </span><strong><span>P.pastoris</span></strong><span> usually
+                                                        urban ecological restoration,
-                                                fails
+                                                        land management, river, lake and wetland protection, marine
-                                                to perfectly express protein containing His-tag. Upon
+                                                        ecological protection and other
-                                                most occasions, the His-tag is
+                                                        fields. With the strong support of national policies and the
-                                                abnormal. As a result, the most common method for
+                                                        rapid growth of market demand, the
-                                                protein purification, immobilized metal
+                                                        ecological restoration industry has developed rapidly and the
-                                                ion affinity chromatography with IMAC elution, is not
+                                                        market scale has continued to
-                                                proper any longer. In this
+                                                        expand. From 2015 to 2019, the scale of fixed asset investment
-                                                circumstance, ion exchange column can be a good
+                                                        in China&#39;s ecological
-                                                substitution. Taking that, we communicate
+                                                        protection and environmental governance industry has gradually
-                                                with UESTC_China, a team facing the same problem with
+                                                        increased, with an average annual
-                                                us, and created novel and improved
+                                                        compound growth rate of 21.27%, and the market size is expected
-                                                purification methods. </span></p>
+                                                        to reach 956.3 billion yuan in
-                                <p><span>For AAO, the failure of expression can be caused by many kinds
+. At the same time, traditional landscaping companies have
-                                                of reasons from
+                                                        been seeking business
-                                                transcription to translation. Dr. Pei suggested us that
+                                                        breakthroughs and transformations. Their business structure has
-                                                we get the protein by lysing the
+                                                        clearly shifted to the field of
-                                                cells, and then check the enzyme activity. Besides, take
+                                                        ecological protection and restoration; enterprises in the
-                                                care of the abnormalities at the
+                                                        industry are gradually developing
-                                                transcriptional level. Because of that, we designed
+                                                        towards comprehensive ecological restoration. The future of the
-                                                supplementary trail of qPCR, hoping to
+                                                        ecological restoration industry
-                                                further analyze the problems.</span></p>
+                                                        has unlimited potential!&quot;</span></em></p>
-                        </li>
+                                 <p><strong><span>Advantages of the connect system</span></strong></p>
-                </ol>
+                                 <p><span>Although the function of the final product of this project focuses on using the
-                <p><span> </span></p>
+                                                 synergy of
-                <ol start='6'>
+                                                 functional proteins to accelerate the green degradation of PE plastic,
-                        <li>
+                                                the CRISPR/dCas9 anchoring
-                                 <p><span>“Before applying for a patent, make sure that your product is
+                                                 system used to connect functional proteins has quite flexible modularity
-                                                novel, creative and
+                                                 and programmability. That
-                                                practical.”</span></p>
+                                                 is, through the special sequence design of the double-stranded DNA, the
-                                <p><span>Precautions on patent application</span></p>
+                                                 spacing, number and
-                                <p><span>Weiguang Li, xx/xx/2021</span></p>
+                                                arrangement of the binding sites of the dCas9: sgRNA complex on the
-                                <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>Background</span><span>*</span></strong></em><span>
+                                                 chain can be customized.
-                                        </span></p>
+                                                 Combining with the SpyCatcher/SpyTag connection system, the anchor of an
-                                 <p><span>The commercialization of scientific and technological
+                                                 ordered assay of functional
-                                                 achievements is a recently trend.
+                                                proteins can be achieved. </span></p>
-                                                 Through this transformation, we can bring the invention
+                                 <p><span>Studies have shown that using this system to connect enzymes on specific
-                                                 out of lab and then into our daily
+                                                 metabolic pathways in
-                                                 life, improving its practicability. It is more possible
+                                                 series can effectively accelerate the rate of conversion of the original
-                                                 for us to solve the social problems
+                                                 substrate into the target
-                                                 in this way. However, one of the essential steps in this
+                                                 product, and greatly increase the yield of the target product. That is
-                                                 process is patent application. In
+                                                 to say, the design of the
-                                                 this regard, we turned to intellectual property advisors
+                                                 double connection system, combined with diversified functional proteins
-                                                 for help.</span></p>
+                                                 or enzymes, complexes with
-                                 <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>Why was this person
+                                                 distinct function can be generated, enabling them to play a role in many
-                                                                contacted?</span><span>*</span></strong></em>
+                                                 known or potential fields,
-                                </p>
+                                                 such as industrial production, basic scientific research, analysis and
-                                <p><span>Weiguang Li, a lecturer from Intellectual Property Information
+                                                 testing!</span></p>
-                                                 Service Center, China
+                         </div>
-                                                 Pharmaceutical University, is experienced in
+                 </div>
-                                                 intellectual property. We interviewed him for
-                                                 details about patent application and related
-                                                 notices.</span></p>
-                                <p><em><strong><span>*</span><span>What we have
-                                                                learned?</span><span>*</span></strong></em>
-                                </p>
-                                <p><span>Our project belongs to innovation patent. However, before
-                                                 applying for a patent, we should
-                                                 make sure that our product is novel, creative and
-                                                 practical. So, we widely searched for the
-                                                 similar patents, analyzing their characteristics and
-                                                 effects. And in the further design of
-                                                our project, we paid extra attention on its
-                                                 practicability.</span></p>
-                         </li>
-                 </ol>
-                <p><span> </span></p>
          </div>
          </div>
-    </div>
+        <footer>
-    </div>
+                <div id="sponsor">
-    <footer>
+                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/3/31/T--CPU_CHINA--Logoes.jpg" alt="">
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+                </div>
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+                <div id="connect">
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+                        <h4>Contact us</h4>
-        <div id="connect">
+                        <ul id="contact">
-            <h4>Contact us</h4>
+                                <li>
-            <ul id="contact">
+                                        <a href="https://weibo.com/u/6054819039">
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-                    <a href="https://weibo.com/u/6054819039">
+                                                        alt="">
-                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/b/ba/T--CPU_CHINA--weibologo.png" alt="">
+                                                <p>@CPU_CHINA2021</p>
-                        <p>@CPU_CHINA2021</p>
+                                        </a>
-                    </a>
+                                </li>
-                </li>
+                                <li>
-                <li>
+                                        <a href="mailto:cpuchina2021@163.com">
-                    <a href="mailto:cpuchina2021@163.com">
+                                                <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/9/92/T--CPU_CHINA--emailLogo.png"
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-                            style="margin-bottom: 2vw;" alt="">
+                                                <p>cpuchina2021@163.com</p>
-                        <p>cpuchina2021@163.com</p>
+                                        </a>
-                    </a>
+                                </li>
-                </li>
+                                <li>
-                <li>
+                                        <a href="https://github.com/cpu-igem/cpu-igem2021">
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+                                                <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/9/98/T--CPU_CHINA--GithubLogo.png"
-                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/9/98/T--CPU_CHINA--GithubLogo.png" alt="">
+                                                        alt="">
-                        <p>Like our Website?</p>
+                                                <p>Like our Website?</p>
-                    </a>
+                                        </a>
-                </li>
+                                </li>
-                <li>
+                                <li>
-                    <a href="https://international.cpu.edu.cn/">
+                                        <a href="https://international.cpu.edu.cn/">
-                        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/4/42/T--CPU_CHINA--CPUlogo.png" alt="">
+                                                <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2021/4/42/T--CPU_CHINA--CPUlogo.png"
-                        <p>International Communication</p>
+                                                        alt="">
-                    </a>
+                                                <p>International Communication</p>
-                </li>
+                                        </a>
-            </ul>
+                                </li>
-        </div>
+                        </ul>
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Difference between revisions of "Team:CPU CHINA/IntegratedHumanPractices"

Latest revision as of 10:07, 7 December 2021

INSPIRATION

LISTEN TO THE WORLD

CHAPTER 1. EXPRESS DEPOSITORIES

CHAPTER 2. GARBAGE TRANSIT STATION

CHAPTER 3. THE END OF DISCARDED PLASTICS

SUMMARY

MADE OUR VOICE HEARD

EXPERTS

INDUSTRY EXHIBITION & MARKET DEVELOPMENT FORUM

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ONLINE

ECOLOGY ENVIRONMENT BUREAU OF NANJING

PRACTISE IN REALITY

END USER

HOW TO USE

HOW TO IMPLEMENT

FUTURE